Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 89

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

एधितव्यमेधनीयमिति कृत्ये निदर्शनम् । भावे कर्मणि कृत्याः स्युः कृतः कर्तरि कीर्तिताः ॥ ८९ ॥

Transliteration

edhitavyamedhanīyamiti kṛtye nidarśanam | bhāve karmaṇi kṛtyāḥ syuḥ kṛtaḥ kartari kīrtitāḥ || 89 ||

Translation

“Dapat palaguin” at “nararapat sindihan”—ito ang mga halimbawa ng anyong kṛtya. Ginagamit ang mga panlaping kṛtya kapag ang diwa ay ang mismong pagkilos (bhāva) o kapag ang layon/obheto ang itinatampok (karmaṇi); samantalang ang anyong kṛt na “kṛta” ay itinuturo kapag ang gumagawa ang tinutukoy (kartari).

Word by Word

• एधितव्यम्: to be increased
• एधितव्यम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal adjective)
• Type: Verb
• Root: एध् (धातु)
• Form: Gerundive/Obligatory participle (कृत्य: तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; ‘to be increased/prospered’

• एधनीयम्: to be increased (fit to be)
• एधनीयम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal adjective)
• Type: Verb
• Root: एध् (धातु)
• Form: Gerundive (कृत्य: अनीयर्), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; ‘fit to be increased’

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle (उद्धरण-निपात)

• कृत्ये: in (the class of) kṛtya-forms (gerundives)
• कृत्ये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; in the domain of gerundives (कृत्य)

• निदर्शनम्: an example
• निदर्शनम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निदर्शन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• भावे: in the sense of action/state (bhāva)
• भावे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ‘in impersonal sense/abstract action’

• कर्मणि: in the object/passive sense
• कर्मणि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ‘in passive/object sense’

• कृत्याः: kṛtya-forms (gerundives)
• कृत्याः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; ‘kṛtya (gerundive) forms’

• स्युः: may be/are (in rule)
• स्युः: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: Potential/Optative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural

• कृतः: (the) kta-form / ‘done’
• कृतः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: Past Passive Participle (कृत्: क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; used as technical ‘kta-form’

• कर्तरि: in the agent (active) sense
• कर्तरि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ‘in active/agent sense’

• कीर्तिताः: are declared
• कीर्तिताः: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कीर्त् (धातु)
• Form: Past Passive Participle (कृत्: क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural; passive ‘are stated’

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a Vedanga/Vyakarana context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes that correct understanding of śāstric language (Vyākaraṇa) supports accurate grasp of dharma and mokṣa teachings, because meaning depends on whether agency (kartṛ), object (karma), or the action itself (bhāva) is intended.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: bhakti practice relies on precise mantra and scripture comprehension; this verse shows how grammatical intent (kartari/karmaṇi/bhāve) shapes meaning, helping devotees avoid misreading injunctions and praises in Vaiṣṇava teachings.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa (grammar): the distinction between kṛtya (gerundive/obligative) usage in bhāva and karmaṇi senses, and kṛt participle (kṛta) usage when the agent (kartari) is primary.