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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 19

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

त आतेंऽते प्रथमो मध्वः से आथे ध्वे तथोत्तमः । ए वहे मह आदेशा ज्ञेया ह्यन्ये लिङादिषु ॥ १९ ॥

Transliteration

ta āteṃ'te prathamo madhvaḥ se āthe dhve tathottamaḥ | e vahe maha ādeśā jñeyā hyanye liṅādiṣu || 19 ||

Translation

Ang unang pangkat ay ang mga hulihang “ta, āte, ṁ’te”; kasunod ang “se, āthe”, at ang “dhve” ang pinakamataas. Gayundin, dapat maunawaan ang mga anyong pamalit na “e, vahe, maha”, at mayroon pang iba sa mga usaping nagsisimula sa liṅga (kasariang panggramatika) at kaugnay nito.

Word by Word
त‘ta’ (3rd person singular ātmanepada ending)
त:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootत (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
आते‘āte’ (3rd person dual ātmanepada ending)
आते:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootआते (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
झ‘jha’ (3rd person plural ātmanepada ending)
झ:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootझ (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
अते‘ate’ (3rd person plural/alt. ātmanepada ending in some paradigms; technical)
अते:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootअते (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
प्रथमःthe first (person)
प्रथमः:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
मध्यमःthe middle/second (person)
मध्यमः:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootमध्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
थास्‘thās’ (2nd person singular ātmanepada ending)
थास्:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootथास् (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
से‘se’ (2nd person singular ātmanepada ending, alt.)
से:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootसे (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
आथे‘āthe’ (2nd person dual ātmanepada ending)
आथे:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootआथे (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
ध्वे‘dhve’ (2nd person plural ātmanepada ending)
ध्वे:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootध्वे (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb), प्रकारार्थक
उत्तमःthe highest/first (person)
उत्तमः:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ए‘e’ (1st person singular ātmanepada ending)
ए:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootए (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
वहे‘vahe’ (1st person dual ātmanepada ending)
वहे:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootवहे (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
महे‘mahe’ (1st person plural ātmanepada ending)
महे:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootमहे (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
आदेशाःsubstitute forms
आदेशाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootआदेश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘substituted forms’
ज्ञेयाःare to be known
ज्ञेयाः:
Vidhi (विधि/Predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञा (धातु) + यत् (कृत्) → ज्ञेय (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभविष्यत्कर्मणि-कर्तरि वा विधेय-भावः; यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘to be known’
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थक
अन्येother
अन्ये:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘other’ (agreeing with आदेशाः)
लिङ्-आदिषुin the liṅ etc. (lakāras)
लिङ्-आदिषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootलिङ् (प्रत्यय/लकार-नाम) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक) (समास)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/निर्देश), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन; ‘in liṅ etc. (moods/tenses)’
Speaker

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada on Vedanga/Vyakarana-style technicalities)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities
N
Narada
S
Sanatkumara

FAQs

It emphasizes that precise knowledge of language—such as endings and substitutions—supports correct understanding and transmission of Dharma and Moksha teachings, preventing distortion of scriptural meaning.

Indirectly: Bhakti relies on accurate mantra, stotra, and śāstra recitation; this verse highlights the technical foundations (correct forms and markers) that keep devotional practice aligned with authentic Vedic wording.

Vyākaraṇa (grammar): it lists technical verbal endings and ādeśa (substitution) forms, and points to rules connected with liṅga (gender) and related grammatical categories.

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