Shloka 4

Adhyaya 82 — The Rise of Mahishasura and the Manifestation of the Goddess from the Gods’ Tejas

Sanskrit

यथावृत्तं तयोस्तद्वन्महिषासुरचेष्टितम् ।

त्रिदशाः कथयामासुर्देवाभिभवविस्तरम् ॥

Transliteration

yathāvṛttaṃ tayos tadvan mahiṣāsuraceṣṭitam | tridaśāḥ kathayāmāsur devābhibhavavistaram ||

Translation

Isinalaysay ng Tatlumpu (na mga diyos) sa dalawang iyon (Śiva at Viṣṇu) ang nangyari nang wasto—kung paano kumilos si Mahīṣāsura—at inilarawan nang detalyado ang pagpapasuko sa mga diyos.

Word by Word

• यथा: as; according to
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/उपमानवाचक (as/according to)

• वृत्तम्: what happened; the event
• वृत्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत् (धातु) → वृत्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (PPP/क्त) used substantively; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तयोः: of the two (gods)
• तयोः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), द्विवचन; of those two

• तद्वत्: likewise
• तद्वत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद्वत् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तुल्यतावाचक (likewise/in the same manner)

• महिषासुरचेष्टितम्: the deeds of Mahishāsura
• महिषासुरचेष्टितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिषासुर+चेष्टित (प्रातिपदिक); समासः
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (mahiṣāsurasya ceṣṭitam)

• त्रिदशाः: the gods
• त्रिदशाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिदश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (devas)

• कथयामासुः: they narrated
• कथयामासुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथय् (धातु; causative of कथ्)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• देवाभिभवविस्तरम्: the detailed account of the gods' defeat/overpowering
• देवाभिभवविस्तरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव+अभिभव+विस्तर (प्रातिपदिक); समासः
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (devānām abhibhavasya vistaraḥ)

Speakers

• Ṛṣi (narrator)

Primary Deities

• Mahīṣāsura
• Śiva
• Viṣṇu
• Devas (collective)

Shakti Aspects

• Contextual: the devas’ detailed grievance becomes the immediate narrative trigger for Devī’s emergence

Key Themes

• Testimony and causality in mythic narrative
• Crisis articulation
• Prelude to Devī’s advent

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Naming and truthfully describing harm is part of dharmic restoration; accurate diagnosis precedes effective remedy.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Manvantara episode setup: establishes the adharma-pressure that necessitates divine intervention, a recurring Purāṇic pattern across cycles.

What is the esoteric significance?

The devas’ ‘detailed account’ signifies bringing the chaotic into articulate order—an inner movement where awareness (śiva/viṣṇu principles) can respond, culminating in Śakti’s decisive emergence.