Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 53, Shloka 13

Adhyaya 53 — Rudrasarga and the Measure of the Manvantaras: Svayambhuva Manu, Priyavrata’s Line, and the Seven Dvipas

Sanskrit

प्रियव्रतात् प्रजावत्यां वीरात् कन्या व्यजायत ।

कन्या सा तु महाभागा कर्दमस्य प्रजापते ॥

Transliteration

priyavratāt prajāvatyāṃ vīrāt kanyā vyajāyata |

kanyā sā tu mahābhāgā kardamasya prajāpate ||

Translation

Mula sa magiting na si Priyavrata at kay Prajāvatī ay isinilang ang isang anak na babae. Ang pinagpalang anak na iyon ay (naikaugnay) kay Kardama, ang Prajāpati.

Word by Word

• priyavratāt: from Priyavrata
• priyavratāt: Apādāna (अपादान/पञ्चमी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: priyavrata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th—पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• prajāvatyām: in/through Prajāvatī (his wife)
• prajāvatyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prajāvatī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th—सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• vīrāt: from Vīra
• vīrāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th—पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• kanyā: a daughter
• kanyā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kanyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• vyajāyata: was born
• vyajāyata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi + jan (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्—Imperfect), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• kanyā: the girl/daughter
• kanyā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kanyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); apposition to previous kanyā

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tu: indeed/but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• mahā-bhāgā: very fortunate
• mahā-bhāgā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारय: 'greatly fortunate'

• kardamasya: of Kardama
• kardamasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kardama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th—षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• prajāpate: of the Prajāpati
• prajāpate: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prajāpati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th—षष्ठी) Singular (एकवचन) — Vedic/epic alternate ending -e for -eḥ; 'of Prajāpati'

Speakers

• Narrative section (dynastic genealogy)

Primary Deities

• Priyavrata
• Kardama Prajāpati

Key Themes

• Genealogy
• Prajapatis
• Dynastic alliances

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Purāṇic genealogy highlights dharmic continuity through both sons and daughters; marital/lineage links to Prajāpatis legitimize social and cosmic progeny.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśa/Vaṃśānucarita: detailing progeny and the interlinking of royal and Prajāpati lines.

What is the esoteric significance?

The daughter’s linkage to a Prajāpati suggests the bridging of ‘royal order’ and ‘creative order’—kṣatra power aligned to progenitive/cosmic authority.