Shloka 29

Adhyaya 47 — Brahma’s Awakening and the Ninefold Scheme of Creation

Sanskrit

निर्वृत्तं वर्तमानञ्च तेर्’थं जानन्ति वै पुनः ।

भूतादिकानां भूतानां षष्ठः सर्ग स उच्यते ॥

Transliteration

nirvṛttaṃ vartamānañca ter'thaṃ jānanti vai punaḥ / bhūtādikānāṃ bhūtānāṃ ṣaṣṭhaḥ sarga sa ucyate

Translation

Muli nilang nalalaman ang kahulugan ng nagdaan at ng kasalukuyan. Ito ang tinatawag na ikaanim na paglikha ng mga nilalang na nagsisimula sa bhūtādi (mga simulain ng mga elemento).

Word by Word

• nirvṛttam: the past; what has ceased
• nirvṛttam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nirvṛtta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; (अर्थे) ‘समाप्त/अतीत’ इति भाववाचक

• vartamānam: the present; what is ongoing
• vartamānam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vartamāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• artham: meaning; import
• artham: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• jānanti: know; understand
• jānanti: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jñā (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चय/खल्वर्थक (emphatic particle)

• punaḥ: again; further
• punaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरावृत्तिवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: again)

• bhūtādikānām: of the beings-and-others (bhūta etc.)
• bhūtādikānām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūta-ādika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन; समास: भूत + आदिक (तत्पुरुष: ‘भूताः आदयः येषाम्/भूतादयः’)

• bhūtānām: of beings
• bhūtānām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• ṣaṣṭhaḥ: sixth
• ṣaṣṭhaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ṣaṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• sargaḥ: creation; category of creation
• sargaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• saḥ: that
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• ucyate: is said; is called
• ucyate: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)

Speakers

• Cosmological narration within the Markandeya Purana’s teaching context (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Cognition/time (past & present)
• Pañcalakṣaṇa: Sarga

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Knowledge (jñāna) is presented as a feature of certain created beings—awareness of temporal states (past/present). This elevates cognition as a cosmic function and implies ethical responsibility tied to knowing consequences over time.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Still within Sarga: it names a ‘sixth creation’ associated with bhūtādi-beings, continuing the Purāṇic cosmological catalog.

What is the esoteric significance?

Past/present discrimination can symbolize the awakening of buddhi (determinative intellect) in evolution, marking a transition from mere elements to self-reflective life.