Shloka 39

Adhyaya 35 — Madālasa’s Instruction on Purity, Impurity, and Corrective Rites (Śauca and Aśauca)

Sanskrit

नित्यस्य कर्मणो हानिं न कुर्वोत कदाचन । तस्य त्वकरणे बन्धः केवलं मृतजन्मसु ॥

Transliteration

nityasya karmaṇo hāniṃ na kurvota kadācana / tasya tv akaraṇe bandhaḥ kevalaṃ mṛtajanmasu

Translation

Huwag kailanman magdulot ng anumang pagkukulang sa mga arawang ritwal na sapilitan. Sapagkat sa hindi pagsasagawa nito ay may pagkagapos—na lumilitaw lamang bilang mga kapanganakang tila patay (mga muling pagsilang na miserableng at tigang sa espiritu).

Word by Word

• nityasya: of the daily
• nityasya: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; qualifies karmaṇaḥ

• karmaṇaḥ: of the duty/rite
• karmaṇaḥ: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• hānim: loss/neglect
• hānim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hāni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेधार्थक अव्यय)

• kurvīta: should do/make
• kurvīta: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Optative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• kadācana: ever/at any time
• kadācana: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण: time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kadā-cana (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable adverb (कालवाचक अव्यय); 'at any time/ever'

• tasya: of him/of that (person)
• tasya: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (विरोध/विशेषार्थक अव्यय)

• akaraṇe: in (its) non-performance
• akaraṇe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: a- (निषेध) + karaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; 'in non-performance'

• bandhaḥ: bondage
• bandhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bandha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• kevalam: only
• kevalam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kevala (प्रातिपदिक used adverbially)
• Form: Adverbial usage (क्रियाविशेषणवत्); 'only/merely'

• mṛta-janmasu: in (cycles of) death and birth
• mṛta-janmasu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mṛta (प्रातिपदिक) + janman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural; समास: मृतं जन्म (karmadhāraya/tatpuruṣa sense: 'death-birth' i.e., repeated dying and being born)

Speakers

• Dharma-instruction voice within the Purāṇic discourse (didactic narration; not Devi Māhātmya)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "bhaya", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Nitya-karma (daily duties)
• Karma and rebirth
• Bondage (bandha)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Omission (akaraṇa) is itself karmically consequential. The verse warns that neglect of steady dharma produces a life (and rebirth) lacking vitality and higher purpose.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma/ācāra instruction.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Dead births’ can be read as lives lived without awakening. Daily rites symbolize daily alignment; their absence binds one to mechanical existence rather than conscious living.