Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 26, Shloka 35

Adhyaya 26 — Madālasa Names Alarka and Reorients Him Toward Kshatriya Duty

Sanskrit

पुत्र वर्धस्व मद्भर्तुर्मनो नन्दय कर्मभिः ।

मित्राणामुपकाराय दुर्हृदां नाशनाय च ॥

Transliteration

putra vardhasva mad-bhartur mano nandaya karmabhiḥ / mitrāṇām upakārāya durhṛdāṃ nāśanāya ca //

Translation

Anak, lumaki at umunlad; pasayahin mo ang puso ng iyong ama sa pamamagitan ng iyong mga gawa—upang makinabang ang mga kaibigan at upang mapuksa rin ang mga kaaway na may masamang loob.

Word by Word

• पुत्र: O son
• पुत्र: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/vocative), एकवचन

• वर्धस्व: grow / prosper
• वर्धस्व: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• मत्-भर्तुः: of my husband
• मत्-भर्तुः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + भर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन; समास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ('my husband')

• मनः: mind
• मनः: कर्म (Karman/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन

• नन्दय: gladden / delight
• नन्दय: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नन्द् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• कर्मभिः: by deeds
• कर्मभिः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन

• मित्राणाम्: of friends
• मित्राणाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), बहुवचन

• उपकाराय: for helping / for the benefit
• उपकाराय: सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/Beneficiary)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपकार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/dative), एकवचन

• दुर्हृदाम्: of enemies / ill-wishers
• दुर्हृदाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्हृद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), बहुवचन; समास: बहुव्रीहि ('those whose heart is bad' = enemies)

• नाशनाय: for destruction
• नाशनाय: प्रयोजन (Purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाशन (प्रातिपदिक; नश्-धातोः णिच्/ल्युट्-निष्पन्न)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/dative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

Speakers

• Madālasā to her son Alarka

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Rāja-dharma
• Pravṛtti
• Ethics of kingship
• Social duty and protection

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

For a kṣatriya heir, dharma is action: earning the father’s approval through righteous deeds, protecting allies, and restraining threats. The verse reflects the protective and punitive dimensions of kingship as a social duty.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Anucarita (exemplary narrative) illustrating varṇāśrama/rāja-dharma; not a pañcalakṣaṇa cosmology segment.

What is the esoteric significance?

Friends and foes can also be read inwardly: cultivate supportive tendencies (mitra) and eradicate destructive impulses (durhṛd) through disciplined karma—governance as self-mastery mirrored outwardly.