Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 12, Shloka 35
Adhyaya 12 — The Son Describes the Narakas: Mahāraurava, Tamas, Nikṛntana, Apratiṣṭha, Asipatravana, and Taptakumbha
ज्वलदग्निचयोद्वृत्ततैलायश्चूर्णपूरिताः ।
तेषु दुष्कृतकर्माणो याम्यैः क्षिप्ता ह्यधोमुखाः ॥
jvaladagnicayodvṛttatailāyaścūrṇapūritāḥ / teṣu duṣkṛtakarmāṇo yāmyaiḥ kṣiptā hy adhomukhāḥ
Ang mga kalderong iyon ay punô ng nagliliyab na bunton ng apoy, umaapaw na kumukulong langis, at pulbos na bakal. Doon ibinubulid nang pasubsob ng mga lingkod ni Yama ang mga gumagawa ng masasamang gawa.
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FAQs
The text frames moral law as administered and impersonal: wrongdoing naturally leads to suffering, depicted through Yama’s agents as executors of cosmic order.
It functions as dharma-upadeśa (ethical instruction) via vivid naraka narration; not a lakṣaṇa category, but a didactic supplement common in Purāṇas.
Oil and iron powder signify sticky, hard-to-escape impressions (saṃskāras) produced by pāpa; the ‘headlong’ fall symbolizes loss of discernment and inversion of values.