Shloka 11

Kṛṣṇa at Duryodhana’s House: Refusal of Hospitality and Departure to Vidura (कृष्णस्य धार्तराष्ट्रनिवेशनगमनम्)

Devanagari script

रथनेमिनिनादैश्व व्यबोध्यन्त तदा गृहे । शड्खभेरीनिनादेन वेणुवीणानुनादिना

Transliteration

rathanemi-ninādaiś ca vyabodhyanta tadā gṛhe | śaṅkha-bherī-ninādena veṇu-vīṇā-nunādinā ||

Translation

Sinabi ni Vaiśampāyana: Noon, sa loob ng mga tahanan, ang mga tao’y nagising at naging alisto dahil sa ugong ng mga gulong ng karwahe—kasabay ng pag-alingawngaw ng mga kabibe (conch) at mga tambol na malalaki, at ng patuloy na tunog ng plauta at vīṇā. Ipinahihiwatig ng tagpong ito ang pagbangon ng madla, kung saan nagsasanib ang kahandaang pandigma at musikang pangseremonya, hudyat ng pasyang pag-usad tungo sa pagkilos.

Word by Word

• रथनेमि-निनादैः: by the roaring sounds of chariot-rims
• रथनेमि-निनादैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथनेमि (प्रातिपदिक) + निनाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• व्यबोध्यन्त: were awakened
• Type: Verb
• Root: √बुध् (बोधने)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), Third, Plural, Passive (Karmani)

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• गृहे: in the house
• गृहे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• शङ्ख-भेरी-निनादेन: by the sound of conches and kettle-drums
• शङ्ख-भेरी-निनादेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शङ्ख (प्रातिपदिक) + भेरी (प्रातिपदिक) + निनाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• वेणु-वीणा-अनुनादिना: with the resonant accompaniment of flutes and lutes
• वेणु-वीणा-अनुनादिना: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वेणु (प्रातिपदिक) + वीणा (प्रातिपदिक) + अनुनादिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• chariot wheels (rathanemi)
• conch (śaṅkha)
• kettledrum (bherī)
• flute (veṇu)
• vīṇā

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how collective life is shaped by signals and sounds: martial instruments and festive music together can awaken a community to impending duty and decisive action. It suggests that public ceremonies often carry ethical weight, preparing people psychologically for consequential choices.

What is happening in the narrative?

A household (or palace setting) is stirred awake and alerted by the loud approach and preparations associated with chariots and instruments—conches, drums, flutes, and vīṇās—indicating a significant movement or assembly connected with royal or martial activity.