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Shloka 2

मृत्योर्ब्रह्मणा नियोजनम् — The Commissioning of Mṛtyu by Brahmā

सर्वान्‌ वेदानधीयीत शुदश्रूषुर्ब्रह्मचर्यवान्‌ । ऋचो यजूंसि सामानि न तेन न स वै द्विज:

sarvān vedān adhīyīta śuśrūṣur brahmacaryavān | ṛco yajūṃṣi sāmāni na tena na sa vai dvijaḥ ||

Sinabi ni Vyāsa: “Kahit pag-aralan ng isang tao ang lahat ng Veda, manatiling naglilingkod sa kanyang guro, at tuparin ang panatang brahmacarya—na ganap na kabisado ang mga himno ng Ṛk, Yajus, at Sāman—hindi pa rin siya nagiging tunay na ‘dvija’ sa ganap na diwa dahil doon lamang. Itinuturo ng taludtod na higit sa pagkatuto at disiplina ang kailangan: ang tunay na pagka-brāhmaṇa ay nakasalalay sa panloob na pagkamulat at wastong asal, hindi sa pagkamaster ng teksto lamang.”

सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वेदान्Vedas
वेदान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अधीयीतshould study
अधीयीत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-इ (अधी)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शुश्रूषुःdesirous of service (obedient attendant)
शुश्रूषुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशुश्रूषु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मचर्यवान्possessed of brahmacarya (celibate/continent)
ब्रह्मचर्यवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्मचर्यवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऋचःṚg-verses (Rigveda hymns)
ऋचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋच्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
यजूंसिYajus-formulas (Yajurveda)
यजूंसि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयजुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
सामानिSāman-chants (Samaveda)
सामानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेनby that / thereby
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
द्विजःtwice-born (brahmin)
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
V
Vedas
Ṛgveda
Y
Yajurveda
S
Sāmaveda
D
dvija (twice-born)

Educational Q&A

Textual mastery of the Vedas, service to the teacher, and strict student-discipline are valuable, but they are not sufficient by themselves to constitute true dvija-hood; the verse implies that inner virtue and lived dharma must complete learning.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Vyāsa states a criterion about what does—and does not—make someone truly ‘twice-born,’ using Vedic study and brahmacarya as examples to show the limits of mere formal qualifications.