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Shloka 12

कृष्णेन अर्जुनस्य प्रोत्साहनम् — Kṛṣṇa’s Exhortation to Arjuna

Prelude to Karṇa’s Slaying

निष्काणामथ शूराणां शरीराणां च धन्विनाम्‌ | चर्मणां सपताकानां संघास्तत्रापतन्‌ भुवि

niṣkāṇām atha śūrāṇāṁ śarīrāṇāṁ ca dhanvinām | carmaṇāṁ sapatākānāṁ saṅghās tatrāpatann bhuvi, bhārata |

Sinabi ni Sañjaya: O Bhārata, doon sa lupa’y nagbagsakan ang mga bunton sa bunton—mga ulong pugot, mga bisig at hita; malalaking hikaw at iba pang palamuti; mga gintong kuwelyong-plaka (niṣka); mga bangkay ng mga bayaning mamamana; at mga tumpok ng mga kalasag at watawat. Inilalantad ng tanawing ito ang kakila-kilabot na halaga ng digmaan: ang tapang at ang karangyaan ay kapwa nauuwi sa mga labi na walang buhay, babala na hinuhubaran ng karahasan ang dangal at lahat ng kinang ng daigdig.

निष्काणाम्of gold neck-ornaments (niṣkas)
निष्काणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootनिष्क
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अथthen/and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
शूराणाम्of heroes/warriors
शूराणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
शरीराणाम्of bodies
शरीराणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धन्विनाम्of bowmen/archers
धन्विनाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootधन्विन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
चर्मणाम्of shields (leather-protectors)
चर्मणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootचर्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
सपताकानाम्with banners/ensigned
सपताकानाम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootस-पताका
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
संघाःheaps/masses
संघाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंघ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
अपतन्fell/lay fallen
अपतन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
भुविon the ground
भुवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभू
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भारतO Bhārata
भारत:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
B
bhuvi (the ground/battlefield)
N
niṣka (gold ornament)
C
carma (shield)
P
patākā (banner/standard)
D
dhanus (implied by dhanvin: bow)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the grim reality and moral weight of war: even heroic bodies and symbols of honor (ornaments, banners) become mere debris. It implicitly cautions against attachment to worldly splendor and highlights the human cost that accompanies kṣatriya warfare.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra what he ‘sees’ on the battlefield: heaps of severed limbs and heads, fallen ornaments, and the bodies of archers, along with piles of shields and banners scattered on the earth after intense fighting.