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Shloka 41

अन्योन्यं रथिन: पेतुर्वाजिनश्व॒ महाहवे | कुज्जरान्‌ कुछ्जरा जष्नु: पादातांश्व पदातय:,उस महासमरमें रथी और घोड़े एक-दूसरेपर टूटे पड़ते थे। हाथी हाथियोंको और पैदल पैदल सिपाहियोंको मार रहे थे

anyonyam rathinaḥ petur vājināś ca mahāhave | kuñjarān kuñjarā jaghnuḥ padātāṃś ca padātayaḥ ||

Wika ni Sañjaya: Sa dakilang labanan, ang mga mandirigmang nasa karwahe at ang mga kabayo ay nagsalpukan sa isa’t isa sa kapwa pagsalakay. Ang mga elepante’y bumabagsak sa mga elepante, at ang mga kawal na naglalakad ay pumapatay sa kapwa kawal na naglalakad—larawan ng bulag na pagganting likas sa digmaan, kung saan bawat uri ng mandirigma’y humaharap sa kapwa niya, at ang dahas ay dumarami nang walang pinipili.

अन्योन्यम्mutually, one another
अन्योन्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्योन्य
FormAvyaya (adverbial accusative usage)
रथिनःchariot-warriors
रथिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
पेतुःfell upon / rushed upon
पेतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd person, plural, Parasmaipada
वाजिनःhorses
वाजिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाजिन्
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
महाहवेin the great battle
महाहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाहव
FormMasculine, locative, singular
कुञ्जरान्elephants
कुञ्जरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
कुञ्जराःelephants
कुञ्जराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
जघ्नुःslew / struck down
जघ्नुः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd person, plural, Parasmaipada
पदातान्foot-soldiers
पदातान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपदात
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
पदातयःfoot-soldiers
पदातयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, nominative, plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
R
rathin (chariot-warriors)
V
vājin (horses)
K
kuñjara (elephants)
P
padāti (foot-soldiers/infantry)

Educational Q&A

The verse offers a stark battlefield observation: violence tends to become reciprocal and self-perpetuating, with each combatant meeting an equal counterpart. Ethically, it underscores the tragic symmetry of war—where identity (chariot-warrior, horseman, elephant-rider, infantry) does not shield one from the same fate inflicted on others.

Sañjaya describes the intensity of the Kurukṣetra fighting: chariot-fighters and horses collide in close combat; elephants engage and kill other elephants; infantrymen fight and kill other infantrymen. It is a compressed panoramic snapshot of simultaneous clashes across the army’s different divisions.