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Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 15

Brāhmaṇa-mahattva and Atithi-Dharma

Brahmagītā: Praise of Brāhmaṇas and norms of honor

यदि वैरिषु भृत्येषु स्वजनव्यवहारयो: । विषयेष्विन्द्रियाणां च आकाशे मा पराक्रम

yadi vairiṣu bhṛtyeṣu svajana-vyavahārayoḥ | viṣayeṣv indriyāṇāṁ ca ākāśe mā parākrama ||

“Kung tunay kang may lakas, ipamalas ang tapang sa nararapat pag-ukulan—laban sa mga kaaway, sa pagharap sa mga umaasa at mga alipin, sa asal ng sariling mga tao at sa mga pagtatalo ng nagsasakdal at nasasakdal, at sa pagpigil sa mga bagay na umaakit sa mga pandama. Huwag mong sayangin ang puwersa sa mga nananahan sa himpapawid; ang gayong paglusob ay ligaw at hungkag sa katarungan.”

यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वैindeed/for emphasis
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
वैरिषुamong enemies / with respect to enemies
वैरिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवैरि
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
भृत्येषुamong servants/retainers
भृत्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
स्वजनव्यवहारयोःin the dealings of one’s own people (and others’ dealings)
स्वजनव्यवहारयोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वजनव्यवहार
FormMasculine, Locative, Dual
विषयेषुin objects/sense-objects
विषयेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविषय
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
इन्द्रियाणाम्of the senses
इन्द्रियाणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आकाशेin the sky/ether
आकाशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
Formtrue
पराक्रमexert prowess / act valiantly
पराक्रम:
TypeVerb
Rootपराक्रम
FormLot (imperative), Parasmaipada, Second, Singular

श्येन उवाच

श्येन (Śyena)
आकाश (ākāśa, the sky)

Educational Q&A

Strength and heroism are meaningful only when directed toward rightful arenas—defending against enemies, acting justly in social/legal dealings, and conquering one’s own senses. Misusing power against inappropriate targets is condemned.

Śyena offers counsel that reframes ‘parākrama’ (valor) as ethical discipline: prove power through responsible action in human conflicts and self-mastery, not by futile or wrongful aggression against beings ‘in the sky’ (i.e., remote or improper targets).