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Mantra 22

Sukta 1

यो वै कशायाः सप्त मधूनि वेद मधुमान् भवति । ब्राह्मणश्च राजा च धेनुश्चानड्वांश्च व्रीहिश्च यवश्च मधु सप्तमम्

yó vái kaśā́yāḥ saptá madhū́ni véda mádhumān bhavati | brāhmaṇáś ca rā́jā ca dhénuś cānaḍvā́ṃś ca vrīhíś ca yávaś ca mádhu saptamám

Whoso in truth knoweth the Whip’s seven honeys, he becometh honey-rich. The Brahmin and the King, the milch-cow and the draught-ox, rice and barley—honey is the seventh.

यःwho (he who)
यः:
कर्तृ (भवति इत्यस्य) / सम्बन्ध-कर्ता (यः…सः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (निपात)
कशायाःof Kaśāyā (name of a plant/creeper; lit. ‘astringent one’)
कशायाः:
सम्बन्ध (सप्त मधूनि इत्यस्य) / षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootकशाय (प्रातिपदिक)
सप्तseven
सप्त:
विशेषण (मधूनि)
TypeNumeral
Rootसप्तन् (संख्या-शब्द)
मधूनिsweet things / honeys
मधूनि:
कर्म (वेद इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
वेदknows
वेद:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विदँ ज्ञाने)
मधुमान्honeyed, sweet-possessing, rich in sweetness
मधुमान्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (भवति इत्यस्य) / विधेय
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुमत् (प्रातिपदिक; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त)
भवतिbecomes
भवति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भू सत्तायाम्)
ब्राह्मणःa brāhmaṇa
ब्राह्मणः:
कर्तृ/विधेय (भवति—‘becomes a brāhmaṇa’)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
राजाa king
राजा:
कर्तृ/विधेय (भवति—‘becomes a king’)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
धेनुःa milch-cow
धेनुः:
कर्तृ/विधेय (भवति—‘becomes a milch-cow’)
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु (प्रातिपदिक)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
अनड्वान्a bull, an ox
अनड्वान्:
कर्तृ/विधेय (भवति—‘becomes a bull/ox’)
TypeNoun
Rootअनडुह्/अनड्वाह् (प्रातिपदिक)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
व्रीहिःrice
व्रीहिः:
कर्तृ/विधेय (भवति—‘becomes rice’)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रीहि (प्रातिपदिक)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
यवःbarley
यवः:
कर्तृ/विधेय (भवति—‘becomes barley’)
TypeNoun
Rootयव (प्रातिपदिक)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
मधुhoney; sweetness
मधु:
कर्तृ/विधेय (भवति—‘becomes honey/sweetness’)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
सप्तमम्the seventh
सप्तमम्:
विशेषण (मधु) / विधेयांश
TypeAdjective (Ordinal)
Rootसप्तम (प्रातिपदिक; क्रमवाचक)

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (not explicit here)

Devata: Madhú / Prajāpati’s prosperity-power (sweetness as principle)

Chandas: Prose-like didactic mantra (with enumerative cadence)

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