Varaha Purana 201.59: Adhyaya 201, Shloka 59

The Battle between the Rākṣasas and Yama’s Attendant-Messengers

Devanagari script

धर्मराजोऽथ विश्रान्तं कालभूतं महाज्वरम् ॥ किंकिं वृत्तमिदं देव व्यापिनस्त्वं महातपाः ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 201.59

Transliteration

dharmarājo 'tha viśrāntaṃ kālabhūtaṃ mahājvaram || kiṃkiṃ vṛttam idaṃ deva vyāpin as tvaṃ mahātapāḥ

Translation

แล้วธรรมราชาตรัสกับมหาชวร ผู้กำลังพักสงบ ประหนึ่งเป็นอวตารแห่งกาลเวลา ว่า “โอ้เทพเจ้า เหตุการณ์นี้คืออะไร? ท่านเป็นผู้แผ่ซ่านทั่วทั้งปวง โอ้มหาตบัสวี”

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Word by Word

• dharmarājaḥ: Dharmarāja (Yama)
• dharmarājaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma-rāja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (then/now)

• viśrāntam: resting/relieved
• viśrāntam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viśrānta (कृदन्त, √śram धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण—mahājvaram

• kāla-bhūtam: having become Time / time-embodied
• kāla-bhūtam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūta (कृदन्त, √bhū धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण—mahājvaram

• mahā-jvaram: the great fever (Mahājvara)
• mahā-jvaram: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + jvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• kiṃ: what?
• kiṃ: Karma (कर्म; asked-about)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रश्नार्थक (interrogative)

• kiṃ: what (all)?
• kiṃ: Karma (कर्म; asked-about)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति—‘what, what’ (what all?)

• vṛttam: has happened/occurred
• vṛttam: Karta (कर्ता; predicate noun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vṛtta (कृदन्त, √vṛt धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; (किंकिं इत्यस्य विशेष्य)

• idam: this
• idam: Karta (कर्ता; appositive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; निर्देशार्थक

• deva: O god/lord
• deva: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• vyāpin: O all-pervading one
• vyāpin: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyāpin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; (सम्बोधनरूपेण)

• asi: you are
• asi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• mahā-tapāḥ: O great ascetic
• mahā-tapāḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + tapas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; (महातपस्—महान् तपस्वी)

Speaker

Dharmarāja (Yama)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Narrative
• Dharma Literature

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It shows Purāṇic personification (e.g., Mahājvara as an entity) within the moral-judicial cosmology associated with Dharmarāja.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic location is identified in this verse.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse reinforces the idea of an ordered moral universe where even cosmic forces are questioned within a framework of justice and causality.