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Varaha Purana 188.66 — Adhyaya 188, Shloka 66

Section on the Origin and Procedure of Piṇḍa-Rites and Śrāddha: Rules of Mourning Impurity

Aśauca

जानुभ्यामवनीं गत्वा नमस्कृत्य द्विजोत्तमान् ॥ पाणिं संगृह्य हस्तेन मन्त्रेणोत्थापयेद्द्विजान् ॥

jānubhyām avanīṃ gatvā namaskṛtya dvijottamān || pāṇiṃ saṃgṛhya hastena mantreṇotthāpayeddvijān ||

เมื่อคุกเข่าลงแตะพื้นดินแล้ว นอบน้อมแด่ทวิชผู้ประเสริฐ ครั้นจับมือของท่านเหล่านั้นด้วยมือของตน พึงกล่าวมนตร์แล้วพยุงพราหมณ์ทั้งหลายให้ลุกขึ้น

jānubhyāmwith (both) knees
jānubhyām:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootjānu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/3rd), Dvivacana (Dual)
avanīmthe ground/earth
avanīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootavanī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana
gatvāhaving gone
gatvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
FormKṛdanta: Absolutive/Gerund (त्वान्त), ‘having gone’
namaskṛtyahaving saluted
namaskṛtya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootnamas-kṛ (धातु)
FormKṛdanta: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), ‘having saluted’
dvija-uttamānthe best brāhmaṇas (twice-born)
dvija-uttamān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक) + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa ‘best of the twice-born’
pāṇimthe hand
pāṇim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpāṇi (प्रातिपदik)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana
saṃgṛhyahaving taken/held
saṃgṛhya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-grah (धातु)
FormKṛdanta: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), ‘having grasped/held’
hastenawith the hand
hastena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Roothasta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/3rd), Ekavacana
mantreṇawith a mantra
mantreṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmantra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/3rd), Ekavacana
utthāpayetshould raise
utthāpayet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootud-sthā (धातु)
FormVidhiliṅ lakāra (Optative), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana, Parasmaipada; Causative sense ‘should raise/make rise’
dvijānthe twice-born (brāhmaṇas)
dvijān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Bahuvacana

Varāha (default dialogue framework)

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":true,"aspect_highlighted":"None","boar_form_detail":"None","earth_interaction":"Instruction within Varāha–Bhū dialogue; emphasizes humility ‘going to the ground with knees’—symbolic reverence toward dvijas in Bhū’s presence."}

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":true,"speaker_role":"instructor","bhu_devi_state":"Attentive; the teaching implicitly aligns social reverence with Earth’s dhāraṇā (support) of dharma.","key_question":"Implicit: what is the proper etiquette toward brāhmaṇas during śrāddha/ritual proceedings?"}

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false,"specific_site":"None","parikrama_context":"None","krishna_connection":"None"}

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":true,"topic":"shraddha","instruction_summary":"Bow down (kneeling), salute the foremost dvijas, take their hand respectfully, and raise them with a mantra—formal honor to officiants/recipients.","karmic_consequence":"Respectful honoring of brāhmaṇas strengthens śrāddha merit and social dharma; disrespect or negligence is treated as a fault that reduces ritual fruit and accrues demerit."}

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":false,"vrata_name":"None","tithi_month":"None","promised_fruit":"None"}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false,"symbolic_interpretation":"None","yajna_varaha_imagery":"None","vedantic_connection":"None"}

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"ethics-of-ritual","core_concept":"Dharma is enacted through embodied humility; honoring worthy recipients is part of yajña as social-sacred reciprocity.","practical_application":"In rites and daily life, show respect through posture, speech, and service; treat learned/virtuous persons as carriers of sacred responsibility, without arrogance."}

Subject Matter: ["Ethics","Ritual Practice","Social Etiquette"]

Primary Rasa: śānta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Type: ritual-space

Related Themes: Continuity with nivāpa/tilodaka and subsequent dāna steps (bed, ornaments, cow-tail)

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A ritual performer kneels to the ground before seated brāhmaṇas, offers namaskāra, then gently takes a brāhmaṇa’s hand and helps him rise while reciting a mantra.","item_prompts":["kneeling devotee","seated brāhmaṇas on kuśa mats","añjali/namaskāra","hand-clasp gesture","mantra recitation posture","simple ritual setting"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural: stylized figures with clear mudrās; brāhmaṇas in white with sacred thread; devotee kneeling; decorative floor patterns; warm tones.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore: gold detailing on ritual platform and halos (if divine witnesses included); strong frontal composition; ornate borders.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore: elegant, restrained palette; detailed textiles; gentle realism in the hand-raising gesture.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari: narrative vignette with soft architecture/courtyard; expressive faces showing humility and blessing; light, airy colors."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"measured, respectful instruction","suggested_raga":"Kalyani","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"firm yet gentle"}

C
Classical Literature
P
Purāṇic Studies
R
Ritual Etiquette
C
Cultural Heritage Texts

FAQs

It preserves embodied ritual etiquette—prostration-like gestures and assisting elders/ritual specialists—highlighting social codes embedded in śrāddha performance.

No location is identified; the verse concerns interpersonal ritual conduct.

Show respect and care toward ritual recipients/participants through formal salutation and supportive action.

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