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Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 100

गवां गवाह्निकं नैव कथं मुक्तिर्भविष्यति । न याति विष्णुशरणं संप्राप्ते दक्षिणायने

gavāṃ gavāhnikaṃ naiva kathaṃ muktirbhaviṣyati | na yāti viṣṇuśaraṇaṃ saṃprāpte dakṣiṇāyane

หากเขาไม่ประกอบกิจประจำวันอันพึงมีต่อโคทั้งหลาย แล้วโมกษะจะบังเกิดได้อย่างไร? ครั้นดักษิณายนมาถึง เขาก็มิได้เข้าถึงที่พึ่งแห่งพระวิษณุ

गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (Plural)
गवाह्निकम्daily rite/service for cows
गवाह्निकम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक) + आह्निक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (गवाम् आह्निकम्)
not
:
Negation (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negative particle)
एवindeed/at all
एव:
Emphasis (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
कथम्how
कथम्:
Question (प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
मुक्तिःliberation
मुक्तिः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमुक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
भविष्यतिwill be/occur
भविष्यति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
not
:
Negation (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negative particle)
यातिgoes/attains
याति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
विष्णुशरणम्refuge of Viṣṇu
विष्णुशरणम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक) + शरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (विष्णोः शरणम्)
संप्राप्तेwhen (it is) arrived
संप्राप्ते:
Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-प्र-आप् (धातु) → संप्राप्त (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग-सम्भव; ‘(काले) संप्राप्ते’ = when (it) has arrived
दक्षिणायनेin the southern solstice (dakṣiṇāyana)
दक्षिणायने:
Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक) + अयन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समासः (दक्षिणम् अयनम्)

Unspecified narrator within Prabhāsa Khaṇḍa (deduced from section context)

Tirtha: Vastrāpatha (Prabhāsa-kṣetra)

Type: kshetra

Listener: nṛpottama

Scene: A brāhmaṇa neglects cows at dawn; cows stand unfed near a cowshed; in the sky the Sun begins its southern course; a Viṣṇu shrine appears in the distance, symbolizing refuge not taken; the narrator’s question ‘how will liberation be?’ hangs over the scene.

V
Viṣṇu
C
Cows (Gauḥ)
D
Dakṣiṇāyana

FAQs

Liberation is linked to compassionate dharma—especially service to cows and sincere devotion (taking refuge) rather than negligence.

The teaching is framed inside the Vastrāpathakṣetra-māhātmya of the Prabhāsa sacred landscape, where dharma is emphasized as the true fruit of tīrtha.

Regular performance of gava-āhnika (daily cow-related duty/service) and cultivating Viṣṇu-śaraṇa, with seasonal awareness (dakṣiṇāyana).