Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 23

Devanagari script

कामः क्रोधश्च लोभश्च मोहो मद्यमदादयः । माया मात्सर्यपैशुन्यमविवेको विचारणा

Transliteration

kāmaḥ krodhaśca lobhaśca moho madyamadādayaḥ | māyā mātsaryapaiśunyamaviveko vicāraṇā

Translation

กาม โทสะ โลภะ โมหะ ความเมาจากสุราและสิ่งอื่น; มายา ความริษยา การนินทา ความไร้วิจารณญาณ และเหตุผลอันวิปลาส—โทษเหล่านี้ขวางธรรม และทำให้ผลแห่งกรรมบุญเสื่อมลง

Word by Word

• कामः: desire, lust
• कामः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• क्रोधः: anger
• क्रोधः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• लोभः: greed
• लोभः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• मोहः: delusion
• मोहः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मद्य: intoxicating liquor
• मद्य: Sambandha (Compound-member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• मद: intoxication, pride
• मद: Sambandha (Compound-member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• आदयः: and others, etc.
• आदयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘आदि’ = “and the rest” (समाहार/समुच्चय)

• मद्यमदादयः: liquor, intoxication, and the like
• मद्यमदादयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद्य + मद + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व/समुच्चयार्थ (a list: liquor, intoxication, etc.)

• माया: illusion, deceit
• माया: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मात्सर्य: envy
• मात्सर्य: Sambandha (Compound-member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मात्सर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• पैशुन्य: slander, tale-bearing
• पैशुन्य: Sambandha (Compound-member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पैशुन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• मात्सर्यपैशुन्यम्: envy and slander
• मात्सर्यपैशुन्यम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मात्सर्य + पैशुन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (envy and slander)

• अविवेकः: lack of discernment
• अविवेकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अविवेक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• विचारणा: (faulty) deliberation, scheming
• विचारणा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विचारणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) narrating to the sages (deduced)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Vastrāpatha-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Nṛpa (King) explicitly addressed in the next verse; the admonition is within a royal-listener upadeśa frame.

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A moral allegory: a pilgrim at a crossroads, shadowy figures personifying desire, anger, greed, delusion, intoxication, deceit, envy, slander, and wrong reasoning tugging him away from a luminous path leading to a tīrtha/temple.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Purity of conduct and discernment are essential; inner vices can nullify the benefit of external rites.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No single tīrtha is named; the verse provides a moral framework supporting tīrtha-based practice.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No specific ritual is prescribed; it warns against vices that hinder dharma and the fruition of religious acts.