Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 124

Devanagari script

महाकालस्य ये चान्ये गणपाः संति पार्श्वगाः । गंगा च यमुना चैव तथा देवी सरस्वती

Transliteration

mahākālasya ye cānye gaṇapāḥ saṃti pārśvagāḥ | gaṃgā ca yamunā caiva tathā devī sarasvatī

Translation

และบรรดาผู้คุ้มกันคณะคณาอื่น ๆ ของพระมหากาลก็อยู่ ณ ที่นั้น ยืนใกล้เคียง; ทั้งพระคงคาและพระยมุนา และพระเทวีสรัสวตีด้วยเช่นกัน

Word by Word

• महा-कालस्य: of Mahākāla
• महा-कालस्य: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case), एकवचन

• ये: who/which
• ये: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha-bodhaka (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (and)

• अन्ये: others
• अन्ये: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन

• गणपाः: gaṇa-guards/attendants
• गणपाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गणप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन

• सन्ति: are
• सन्ति: Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• पार्श्वगाः: standing/going at the side
• पार्श्वगाः: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पार्श्व (प्रातिपदिक) + ग (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उपपद-तत्पुरुष (पार्श्वं गच्छन्ति/पार्श्वे गता:); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन

• गङ्गा: Gaṅgā
• गङ्गा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha-bodhaka (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (and)

• यमुना: Yamunā
• यमुना: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यमुना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha-bodhaka (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (and)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha-bodhaka (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (particle of emphasis: 'indeed/just')

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha-bodhaka (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (thus/likewise)

• देवी: the goddess
• देवी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• सरस्वती: Sarasvatī
• सरस्वती: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

Speaker

Skanda (deduced from Prabhāsakṣetramāhātmya narrative style)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Mahākāla’s gaṇas stand guard while the river-goddesses Gaṅgā, Yamunā, and Sarasvatī appear in divine form, indicating their subtle presence at Prabhāsa.

Characters & Entities

• Mahākāla
• Gaṅgā
• Yamunā
• Sarasvatī

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

A supreme tīrtha is envisioned as containing the essence of many holy rivers and divine attendants, concentrating sanctity in one place.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Prabhāsa-kṣetra, associated with Mahākāla and the presence of major sacred rivers.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None explicitly; the verse supports tīrtha-sevā (reverent visitation) by praising the site’s sacred presences.