Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 18

Devanagari script

येषामथ कृतं सज्जं कुम्भीपाकं सुदारुणम् । रौरवः शाल्मलिर्देव दृष्ट्वा तान्दिवि संस्थितान् । वैलक्ष्यं परमं गत्वा व्यापारं त्यक्तवानसौ

Transliteration

yeṣāmatha kṛtaṃ sajjaṃ kumbhīpākaṃ sudāruṇam | rauravaḥ śālmalirdeva dṛṣṭvā tāndivi saṃsthitān | vailakṣyaṃ paramaṃ gatvā vyāpāraṃ tyaktavānasau

Translation

สำหรับผู้ที่นรกอันน่าสยดสยอง—กุมภีปากะ เรารวะ และศาลมะลี—ได้ถูกจัดเตรียมไว้แล้ว ข้าแต่พระผู้เป็นเจ้า พระธรรมราชกลับทอดพระเนตรเห็นพวกเขาตั้งอยู่ในสวรรค์; ครั้นถึงที่สุดแห่งความอับอาย จึงละทิ้งหน้าที่ของตนเสีย

Word by Word

• येषाम्: of whom
• येषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• अथ: then, moreover
• अथ: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/transition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), अनुक्रम/अनन्तरार्थक

• कृतम्: made, prepared
• कृतम्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP/क्त); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘कुम्भीपाकम्’ इति विशेषणम्

• सज्जम्: ready, prepared
• सज्जम्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सज्ज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘कुम्भीपाकम्’ इति विशेषणम्

• कुम्भीपाकम्: Kumbhīpāka (a hell)
• कुम्भीपाकम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भी-पाक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (कुम्भ्यां पाकः)

• सुदारुणम्: very dreadful
• सुदारुणम्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-दारुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘कुम्भीपाकम्’ इति विशेषणम्

• रौरवः: Raurava (a hell)
• रौरवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रौरव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शाल्मलिः: Śālmalī (a hell)
• शाल्मलिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाल्मलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• देव: O god
• देव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (8th/Vocative), एकवचन

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दृश् (धातु) + क्त्वा (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund); पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया

• तान्: them
• तान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• दिवि: in heaven
• दिवि: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• संस्थितान्: standing/placed
• संस्थितान्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP/क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘तान्’ इति विशेषणम्

• वैलक्ष्यम्: embarrassment, discomfiture
• वैलक्ष्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैलक्ष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• परमम्: supreme, extreme
• परमम्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘वैलक्ष्यम्’ इति विशेषणम्

• गत्वा: having gone/attained
• गत्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त्वा (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund); पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया

• व्यापारम्: activity, function
• व्यापारम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यापार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• त्यक्तवान्: abandoned, gave up
• त्यक्तवान्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज् (धातु) + क्तवतु (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्तवतु-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (perfect participle, active sense); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; परोक्षभूतार्थे ‘त्यक्तवान्’ = ‘त्यक्तः’ (he abandoned)

• असौ: that one (he)
• असौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Narrator (contextual; within Prabhāsakṣetra Māhātmya dialogue)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A stark juxtaposition: visions of dreadful hells—boiling cauldrons (Kumbhīpāka), terrifying torment (Raurava), thorny silk-cotton tree (Śālmalī)—yet the same souls appear seated in svarga; Dharmarāja flushes with embarrassment and withdraws from duty.

Characters & Entities

• Dharmarāja (Yama)
• Kumbhīpāka
• Raurava
• Śālmalī
• Svarga

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

The tīrtha’s redeeming power is so great that even those destined for hell are lifted to heaven.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Prabhāsa Kṣetra, whose mahātmyam is shown to override expected punishments.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No explicit rite is stated; the verse highlights the consequence of tīrtha-contact/merit rather than a specific ritual.