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Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 49

Devanagari script

पूर्वे तु शांकरी चाऽर्या पश्चिमे न्यंकुमत्यपि । उत्तरे कनकनंदा दक्षिणे सागरावधिः । एतदंतरमासाद्य देशो नग्नहरः स्मृतः

Transliteration

pūrve tu śāṃkarī cā'ryā paścime nyaṃkumatyapi | uttare kanakanaṃdā dakṣiṇe sāgarāvadhiḥ | etadaṃtaramāsādya deśo nagnaharaḥ smṛtaḥ

Translation

ทิศตะวันออกมีศางกรีและอารยา ทิศตะวันตกมีนยังกุมตี ทิศเหนือมีกนกนันทา และทิศใต้มีขอบเขตเป็นมหาสมุทร พื้นที่ที่ถูกล้อมอยู่ภายในนี้ระลึกกันว่าเป็นแดนชื่อ “นัคนหระ”

Word by Word
pūrvein the east
pūrve:
Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन; दिक्-निर्देशे (in the east)
tuindeed
tu:
Sambandha (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विशेषार्थक (particle)
śāṃkarīŚāṃkarī (river/limit)
śāṃkarī:
Karta (Elliptic: boundary marker)
TypeNoun
Rootśāṃkarī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; नदी/सीमा-नाम
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
āryāĀryā (river/limit)
āryā:
Karta (Elliptic: boundary marker)
TypeNoun
Rootāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; नदी/सीमा-नाम
paścimein the west
paścime:
Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpaścima (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन; दिक्-निर्देशे (in the west)
nyaṃkumatiNyaṃkumati (river/limit)
nyaṃkumati:
Karta (Elliptic: boundary marker)
TypeNoun
Rootnyaṃkumati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; नदी/सीमा-नाम
apialso
api:
Samuccaya (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-कार (particle: also)
uttarein the north
uttare:
Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootuttara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन; दिक्-निर्देशे (in the north)
kanakanaṃdāKanakanandā (river/limit)
kanakanaṃdā:
Karta (Elliptic: boundary marker)
TypeNoun
Rootkanakanaṃdā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; नदी/सीमा-नाम
dakṣiṇein the south
dakṣiṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdakṣiṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन; दिक्-निर्देशे (in the south)
sāgara-avadhiḥthe sea as the boundary
sāgara-avadhiḥ:
Karta (Elliptic: boundary marker)
TypeNoun
Rootsāgara (प्रातिपदिक) + avadhi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (sāgarasya avadhiḥ)
etatthis
etat:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; सर्वनाम used adjectivally
antaramthe interval/space (between)
antaram:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootantara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
āsādyahaving reached
āsādya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Converb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootā-√sad (सद् धातु) + ल्यप् (ल्यप्)
Formल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund): ‘having reached/attained’
deśaḥthe region
deśaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdeśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
nagnaharaḥNagnahara
nagnaharaḥ:
Samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootnagna (प्रातिपदिक) + hara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष
smṛtaḥis known/considered
smṛtaḥ:
Kriyā (Predicative verbal)
TypeVerb
Root√smṛ (स्मृ धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त used predicatively; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; ‘is known’
Speaker

Śiva

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Nagnahara (bounded tract)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Pilgrimage audience (brāhmaṇas/sages)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A schematic sacred map: four directional boundary points named, with the southern edge as the sea; pilgrims or sages pointing to directions around a coastal plain.

Characters & Entities
Ś
Śiva
Ś
Śāṃkarī
Ā
Āryā
N
Nyaṃkumatī
K
Kanakanandā
O
Ocean (Sāgara)
N
Nagnahara (region)

FAQs

Pilgrimage is also remembrance—knowing the sacred boundaries preserves the kṣetra’s identity and guides dharmic travel.

Nagnahara-deśa in Prabhāsa Kṣetra, defined by named landmarks and the ocean boundary.

None; the verse is a geographic delimitation for recognizing the tīrtha-region.

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