Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 22

Devanagari script

सावित्रश्च जयन्तश्च पिनाकी चापराजितः । एते रुद्राः समाख्याता एकादश गणेश्वराः

Transliteration

sāvitraśca jayantaśca pinākī cāparājitaḥ | ete rudrāḥ samākhyātā ekādaśa gaṇeśvarāḥ

Translation

สาวิตระ ชยันตะ พินากี และอปราชิตะ—รุทระเหล่านี้ทรงประกาศแล้วว่าเป็น “คเณศวร” สิบเอ็ดองค์ ผู้เป็นเจ้าแห่งหมู่เทพ

Word by Word

• सावित्रः: Sāvitra (a Rudra name)
• सावित्रः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सावित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (and)

• जयन्तः: Jayanta (a Rudra name)
• जयन्तः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जयन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (and)

• पिनाकी: Pinākī (bearer of the bow Pināka; a Rudra name)
• पिनाकी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिनाकिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; इकारान्त-प्रातिपदिक (पिनाकधारी)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (and)

• अपराजितः: Aparājita (unconquered; a Rudra name)
• अपराजितः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ + पराजित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; नञ्-समास/उपसर्गपूर्वक-प्रातिपदिक (unconquered)

• एते: these
• एते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम (these)

• रुद्राः: Rudras
• रुद्राः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• समाख्याता: are called/are named
• समाख्याता: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + आ + ख्या (धातु) → समाख्यात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘समाख्याताः’ = are called/declared

• एकादश: eleven
• एकादश: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एकादश (संख्याशब्द-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्याशब्दः; बहुवचन-विशेषणरूपेण (eleven)

• गणेश्वराः: lords of the groups (Gaṇas)
• गणेश्वराः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गण + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (गणानाम् ईश्वराः)

Speaker

Skanda (deduced from Prabhāsa Māhātmya dialogic style)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Implied continuation of the addressed interlocutor

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Four Rudra-gaṇeśvaras—Sāvitra, Jayanta, Pinākī (bearing the pināka bow), Aparājita (radiant, unconquered)—stand as guardians at the threshold of Somnātha, with a larger circle implying the full eleven Rudras; banners flutter in sea wind, temple lamps glow.

Characters & Entities

• Sāvitra
• Jayanta
• Pinākī
• Aparājita
• Rudras
• Gaṇeśvaras

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Invoking Rudra’s many epithets affirms divine protection and the triumph of dharma over defeat.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Prabhāsakṣetra, where Shaiva remembrance and pilgrimage are presented as spiritually elevating.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None stated; the implied sādhana is nāma-japa or recitation of Rudra forms.