Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 47

Devanagari script

अकृतस्नान एवाऽहं दृष्टो दैत्यैर्दुरासदैः । गले गृहीतः कृष्णाहं मुष्टिभिस्ताडितस्तथा

Transliteration

akṛtasnāna evā'haṃ dṛṣṭo daityairdurāsadaiḥ | gale gṛhītaḥ kṛṣṇāhaṃ muṣṭibhistāḍitastathā

Translation

ในขณะที่ข้าพเจ้ายังไม่ได้สรงน้ำ เหล่าแทตย์ผู้ดุร้ายและยากจะปราบได้เห็นข้าพเจ้าเข้า พวกมันบีบคอและทุบตีข้าพเจ้าด้วยกำปั้น

Word by Word

• akṛta-snānaḥ: without having bathed
• akṛta-snānaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-kṛta (कृदन्त, कृ धातु) + snāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (नञ्-पूर्वपद: ‘अकृतं स्नानं यस्य’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• eva: indeed
• eva: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारणार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• dṛṣṭaḥ: was seen
• dṛṣṭaḥ: Kriyā (कर्मणि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु) → dṛṣṭa (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (was seen)

• daityaiḥ: by demons
• daityaiḥ: Karta (कर्मणि-कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• durāsadaiḥ: hard to resist
• durāsadaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (दैत्य-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dur-āsada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; ‘दुरासद’ = दुर्गम/अजय

• gale: at the neck
• gale: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• gṛhītaḥ: was seized
• gṛhītaḥ: Kriyā (कर्मणि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: grah (धातु) → gṛhīta (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि (was seized)

• kṛṣṇa: O Kṛṣṇa
• kṛṣṇa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन (addressing Kṛṣṇa)

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• muṣṭibhiḥ: with fists
• muṣṭibhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• tāḍitaḥ: was struck
• tāḍitaḥ: Kriyā (कर्मणि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tāḍ (धातु) → tāḍita (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि (was beaten)

• tathā: thus/also
• tathā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकारार्थक/समुच्चयार्थक (adverb: ‘so/also’)

Speaker

Durvāsas (implied; the narrative immediately names him in the next adhyāya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Cakratīrtha

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Kṛṣṇa (addressed as Krishna in translation context)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Before completing his bath, Durvāsā is spotted by fierce daityas; they seize his throat and pummel him, contrasting ascetic radiance with brutal force at the edge of sacred waters.

Characters & Entities

• Daitya
• Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Even a great ascetic faces obstacles; steadfastness in dharmic observance (like snāna) and refuge in the Lord remain the remedy.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Dvārakā’s sacred sphere (Dvārakā-māhātmya), where devotion to Kṛṣṇa frames the events.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Snāna is implied as a required observance—he is attacked specifically while still “unbathed,” highlighting the priority of ritual purity in vrata practice.