Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 109

Devanagari script

तत्रस्थस्य निरस्तस्य ये पुत्राः स्युर्द्विजोत्तमाः । तेषां संततयो ऽद्यापि ते प्रोक्ता बाह्यवासिनः

Transliteration

tatrasthasya nirastasya ye putrāḥ syurdvijottamāḥ | teṣāṃ saṃtatayo 'dyāpi te proktā bāhyavāsinaḥ

Translation

โอ พราหมณ์ผู้ประเสริฐ บุตรทั้งหลายที่เกิดแก่เขาเมื่อพำนักอยู่ที่นั่นในสภาพเนรเทศ สืบสายมาจนถึงวันนี้ยังเป็นที่รู้จักว่า ‘พาหยะวาสิน’ คือผู้พำนักอยู่นอกเขต

Word by Word

• तत्रस्थस्य: of the one staying there
• तत्रस्थस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तत्र-स्थ (प्रातिपदिक; तत्र + स्थ)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-सम्भाव्य; विशेषण-प्रयोगः (of one who is situated there)

• निरस्तस्य: of the banished one
• निरस्तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निरस्त (कृदन्त; नि-√अस्/√अस्?; past passive participle as adjective)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP) विशेषण (of the expelled/banished one)

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बन्धबोधक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• पुत्राः: sons
• पुत्राः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग

• स्युः: would be / may be
• स्युः: Kriya (Verbal action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural); परस्मैपद

• द्विजोत्तमाः: best Brahmins (best of the twice-born)
• द्विजोत्तमाः: Karta (Subject complement/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज-उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक; द्विज + उत्तम)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग; जातिवाचक-विशेष्य (best of the twice-born)

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सर्वनाम

• संततयः: descendants / lineages
• संततयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संतति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), स्त्रीलिङ्ग

• अद्यापि: even today / still
• अद्यापि: Kriya-viseshana (Adverbial modifier/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्यापि (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग; सर्वनाम

• प्रोक्ताः: are called / are said
• प्रोक्ताः: Kriya (Verbal predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रोक्त (कृदन्त; प्र-√वच्, भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त/PPP)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP) प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; कर्मणि-प्रयोगे विधेय (are said/called)

• बाह्यवासिनः: outsiders / those dwelling outside
• बाह्यवासिनः: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाह्य-वासिन् (प्रातिपदिक; बाह्य + वासिन्)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग; वासिन्-प्रत्ययान्त (dweller)

Speaker

Sūta (continuing narration)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Nāga-tīrtha

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Brāhmaṇas (dvijottama/brāhmaṇaśreṣṭha)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A small settlement outside the main sacred precinct: families living beyond a boundary marker, elders recounting the exile-origin of the ‘Bāhyavāsins’ to visiting brāhmaṇas.

Characters & Entities

• Bāhyavāsins
• Nāgahrada (context)
• dvijottama (listener addressed)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Purāṇic tīrtha-stories explain how dharma, error, and penance shape communities and identities across generations.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Nāgahrada, shown as a place where a banished brāhmaṇa settled and from which a lineage designation arose.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None directly; the verse records an etiological tradition (naming of descendants) tied to tīrtha-residence.