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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 36

Devanagari script

ये नरा गोप्रदातारो मृत्युकाले व्यवस्थिते । ते गोपुच्छं समाश्रित्य तां तरंति पृथूदकाम् । अन्ये स्वबाहुभिः कृत्वा गोप्रदानविवर्जिताः

Transliteration

ye narā gopradātāro mṛtyukāle vyavasthite | te gopucchaṃ samāśritya tāṃ taraṃti pṛthūdakām | anye svabāhubhiḥ kṛtvā gopradānavivarjitāḥ

Translation

ผู้ใดเป็นผู้ถวายทานโค ครั้นกาลมรณะมาถึง ย่อมยึดหางโคไว้แล้วข้ามสายน้ำกว้างใหญ่คือไวตระณีได้ ส่วนผู้ที่ปราศจากการถวายโค ต้องข้ามด้วยกำลังแขนของตนเอง

Word by Word
येwho
ये:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक
नराःmen
नराः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
गोप्रदातारःcow-donors
गोप्रदातारः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रदातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गवां प्रदातारः) — “givers of cows”
मृत्युकालेat death-time
मृत्युकाले:
अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (मृत्योः कालः)
व्यवस्थितेwhen it has come/when present
व्यवस्थिते:
विशेषण (Adjectival)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-अव-स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘मृत्युकाले’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् — “when (it is) present/arrived”
तेthey
ते:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
गोपुच्छम्cow’s tail
गोपुच्छम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक) + पुच्छ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गोः पुच्छम्)
समाश्रित्यhaving held on to
समाश्रित्य:
पूर्वकालक्रिया (Absolutive)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-श्रि (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive)
ताम्that (river)
ताम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; वैतरणी-निर्देशः
तरन्तिcross
तरन्ति:
क्रिया (Verb/Action)
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ (धातु)
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
पृथूदकाम्having vast water
पृथूदकाम्:
विशेषण (Adjectival)
TypeAdjective
Rootपृथु (प्रातिपदिक) + उदक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (पृथु उदकं यस्याः सा) — ‘ताम्’ (वैतरणीम्) विशेषयति
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
स्वबाहुभिःwith their own arms
स्वबाहुभिः:
करण (Karana/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक) + बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः
कृत्वाhaving done (it)
कृत्वा:
पूर्वकालक्रिया (Absolutive)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive); “having done/made (effort)”
गोप्रदानविवर्जिताःdeprived of cow-donation
गोप्रदानविवर्जिताः:
विशेषण (Adjectival)
TypeAdjective
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रदान (प्रातिपदिक) + विवर्जित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गोप्रदानात् विवर्जिताः) — “devoid of cow-gift”
Speaker

Skanda (deduced)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Vaitaraṇī (paraloka-nadī)

Type: sangam

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A dying man at the river Vaitaraṇī grasps a cow’s tail; the river appears vast and dark; on one side attendants of Yama loom, while on the other side a luminous path opens for the donor; non-donors struggle swimming with their arms.

Characters & Entities
V
Vaitaraṇī

FAQs

Meritorious charity—especially go-dāna—serves as tangible spiritual aid in the afterlife, while lack of such merit brings hardship.

The passage centers on the Vaitaraṇī crossing on Yama’s route, a key feature of Purāṇic sacred geography of the afterlife.

Go-dāna (donating a cow), traditionally to a Brāhmaṇa, is upheld as a powerful rite of dāna that assists the soul at death.

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