Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 20

Devanagari script

कृतज्ञश्च वदान्यश्च स्वदारनिरतः सदा । शूरः परमतेजस्वी सर्वशत्रुनिषूदनः

Transliteration

kṛtajñaśca vadānyaśca svadāranirataḥ sadā | śūraḥ paramatejasvī sarvaśatruniṣūdanaḥ

Translation

พระองค์ทรงกตัญญูและทรงเอื้อเฟื้อทาน เป็นนิตย์ผูกพันอยู่กับพระมเหสีโดยธรรม ทรงเป็นวีรบุรุษผู้รุ่งโรจน์ยิ่ง และเป็นผู้ปราบปรามศัตรูทั้งปวง

Word by Word

• कृतज्ञः: grateful
• कृतज्ञः: Visheshana (Adjectival predicate/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (कृतं जानाति)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चयबोधक)

• वदान्यः: generous
• वदान्यः: Visheshana (Adjectival predicate/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वदान्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चयबोधक)

• स्वदारनिरतः: devoted to his own wife
• स्वदारनिरतः: Visheshana (Adjectival predicate/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक) + दार (प्रातिपदिक) + निरत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (स्वदारेषु निरतः)

• सदा: always
• सदा: Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial modifier/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)

• शूरः: brave
• शूरः: Visheshana (Adjectival predicate/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• परमतेजस्वी: of supreme splendor
• परमतेजस्वी: Visheshana (Adjectival predicate/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक) + तेजस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (परमः तेजस्वी)

• सर्वशत्रुनिषूदनः: slayer of all enemies
• सर्वशत्रुनिषूदनः: Visheshana (Adjectival predicate/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + शत्रु (प्रातिपदिक) + निषूदन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सर्वेषां शत्रूणां निषूदनः)

Speaker

Narrator (Purāṇic voice)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A montage-like portrayal of the king’s virtues: offering gifts to brāhmaṇas, honoring benefactors, standing with queen in dignified companionship, and leading troops with radiant armor.

Characters & Entities

• Ratnākṣa

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma is shown through concrete virtues—gratitude, charity, fidelity, and courage—especially in those who hold power.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Indirectly the same tīrtha narrative continues; the king’s virtues heighten the contrast with the karmic affliction described next.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; the verse lists ethical qualities aligned with rāja-dharma and gṛhastha-dharma.