Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 31

Devanagari script

ततो वर्षसहस्रांते चतुर्थे समुपस्थिते । तमुवाच स्वयं ब्रह्मा स्वयमभ्येत्य हर्षितः

Transliteration

tato varṣasahasrāṃte caturthe samupasthite | tamuvāca svayaṃ brahmā svayamabhyetya harṣitaḥ

Translation

ครั้นเมื่อกาลพันปีที่สี่ครบถ้วนแล้ว พระพรหมผู้เปี่ยมปีติได้เสด็จมาด้วยพระองค์เอง และตรัสกับเขา

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Sambandha (Context/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रमवाचक (then)

• वर्षसहस्रान्ते: at the end of a thousand years
• वर्षसहस्रान्ते: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (वर्षसहस्रस्य अन्तः); पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन

• चतुर्थे: in the fourth (year/period)
• चतुर्थे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (to 'year/period' understood)

• समुपस्थिते: when (it) had arrived
• समुपस्थिते: Adhikarana (Locative absolute/अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + उप + स्था (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकृदन्तः (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त); सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदी

• स्वयम्: himself
• स्वयम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; आत्मनः/स्वतः (indeclinable adverb)

• ब्रह्मा: Brahmā
• ब्रह्मा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• स्वयम्: himself
• स्वयम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरुक्त-विशेषण (again: himself)

• अभ्येत्य: having approached
• अभ्येत्य: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + इ (धातु) + ल्यप् (प्रत्यय)
• Form: अव्ययकृदन्तः (ल्यप्/क्त्वान्त); पूर्वक्रिया (having approached)

• हर्षितः: delighted
• हर्षितः: Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हृष् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकृदन्तः (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्तृविशेषणम्

Speaker

Narrator (contextual Purāṇic narrator within Tīrthamāhātmya; exact speaker not explicit in this snippet)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: After an immense span of austerity, Brahmā appears in person—four-faced, lotus-seated or standing—approaching the ascetic with visible delight; the air feels charged with revelation.

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā
• Andhaka

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Persistent tapas culminates in divine grace—darśana and direct instruction from the deity.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The verse does not name a specific tīrtha; it narrates the climax of austerity within the Tīrthamāhātmya framework.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None directly; it describes the result of austerity—Brahmā’s appearance.