Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 5

Devanagari script

दिने त्रयोदशे प्राप्ते नाम तस्या यथोचितम् । विहितं भूभुजा तेन विप्राणां पुरतो द्विजाः

Transliteration

dine trayodaśe prāpte nāma tasyā yathocitam | vihitaṃ bhūbhujā tena viprāṇāṃ purato dvijāḥ

Translation

ครั้นเมื่อถึงวันที่สิบสาม โอ ทวิชะทั้งหลาย พระราชาทรงจัดพิธีตั้งนามแก่เธอโดยสมควร ตามพระราชพิธี ต่อหน้าพราหมณ์ทั้งหลาย

Word by Word

• दिने: on the day
• दिने: अधिकरण (Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (अधिकरण), एकवचनम्; Neuter, Locative (7th), Singular

• त्रयोदशे: thirteenth
• त्रयोदशे: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रयोदश (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; Neuter, Locative, Singular (qualifying ‘दिने’)

• प्राप्ते: when (it) had arrived
• प्राप्ते: अधिकरण (Locative absolute)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप् (धातु) + प्राप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्तः (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; Past participle, Neuter, Locative, Singular (locative absolute with ‘दिने’)

• नाम: name
• नाम: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (कर्ता), एकवचनम्; Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: सम्बन्ध (Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्गे, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (सम्बन्ध), एकवचनम्; Pronoun, Feminine, Genitive, Singular

• यथोचितम्: as appropriate
• यथोचितम्: प्रकार (Manner)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यथा-उचित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: अव्ययीभावः (यथा + उचितम् = ‘as is proper’); नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; Neuter, Nom./Acc., Singular (adverbial/adjectival use)

• विहितम्: was assigned/ordained
• विहितम्: क्रिया (Predicate/State)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-धा (धातु) + विहित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्तः (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; Past participle, Neuter, Nominative, Singular (predicative with ‘नाम’)

• भूभुजा: by the king
• भूभुजा: कर्ता (Agent of passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भू-भुज् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (भूः भुज्यते येन/भूभुक् = राजा); पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (कर्ता/करण), एकवचनम्; Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• तेन: by him
• तेन: कर्ता (Agent/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (करण/कर्ता), एकवचनम्; Pronoun, Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• विप्राणाम्: of the brāhmaṇas
• विप्राणाम्: सम्बन्ध (Reference/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचनम्; Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• पुरतः: in the presence of, before
• पुरतः: अधिकरण (Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; उपसर्गार्थक/स्थानवाचक-अव्यय (prepositional adverb) ‘in front of’

• द्विजाः: O twice-born (brāhmaṇas) / the twice-born
• द्विजाः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (कर्ता), बहुवचनम्; Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

Sūta (narrative voice continuing the account)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A royal court or palace hall: the king conducts a naming ceremony on the thirteenth day; brāhmaṇas sit in front with ritual vessels, kusa grass, and a small fire; the infant is presented, and the name is proclaimed.

Characters & Entities

• King (bhūbhuj)
• Brāhmaṇas (vipra)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma is upheld through proper saṃskāras performed with reverence and in the presence of learned brāhmaṇas.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No tīrtha is named in this verse; it supports the larger tīrtha-mahātmya narrative by establishing dharmic conduct.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Nāmakaraṇa (naming) performed on an auspicious day, formally conducted by the king before brāhmaṇas.