Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 57

Devanagari script

संग्रहं विग्रहं चैव समुद्रोऽपि गधाधरौ । प्रददौ पार्षदौ विरौ महीनद्या समन्वितः

Transliteration

saṃgrahaṃ vigrahaṃ caiva samudro'pi gadhādharau | pradadau pārṣadau virau mahīnadyā samanvitaḥ

Translation

มหาสมุทรเอง พร้อมด้วยสายน้ำใหญ่ทั้งหลาย ได้ประทานปารษทผู้กล้าสององค์ คือ สังครหะ และ วิครหะ ผู้ถือกระบอง (คทา)

Word by Word

• संग्रहम्: Saṃgraha (named attendant)
• संग्रहम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम् + ग्रह (धातु) → संग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• विग्रहम्: Vigraha (named attendant)
• विग्रहम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वि + ग्रह (धातु) → विग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Emphasis (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic/restrictive particle)

• समुद्रः: the Ocean
• समुद्रः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Emphasis/Addition (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: also/even)

• गधाधरौ: the two mace-bearers
• गधाधरौ: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गधा + धर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; तत्पुरुष (गधां धरत इति = mace-bearers)

• प्रददौ: bestowed
• प्रददौ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु) + प्र (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• पार्षदौ: two attendants
• पार्षदौ: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्षद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; पूर्वोक्त-नाम्नोः विशेषण/सम्बन्ध

• वीरौ: two heroes
• वीरौ: Karma-visheshana (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; कर्मविशेषण

• महीनद्या: with the Mahīnadyā (named river/river-goddess)
• महीनद्या: Karana (करण/Instrument or accompaniment)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही + नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (महीनदी = earth-river/river of the earth)

• समन्वितः: accompanied, endowed
• समन्वितः: Karta-visheshana (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + अनु + इ (धातु) → समन्वित (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; कर्तृविशेषण

Speaker

Lomaharṣaṇa (Sūta) to the sages (deduced from Māheśvarakhaṇḍa context)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Samudra-tīrtha / Nadī-tīrthas (generic)

Type: sangam

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Pārtha (Arjuna) / devotees

Visual Art Cues

Scene: The Ocean, enthroned with waves and sea-creatures, accompanied by personified great rivers, offers two heroic mace-bearing attendants—Saṃgraha and Vigraha—to Skanda.

Characters & Entities

• Samudra (Ocean)
• Mahīnadyāḥ (great rivers)
• Saṃgraha
• Vigraha

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Nature’s vast forces—oceans and rivers—are portrayed as allies of Dharma, supporting Skanda’s divine order.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No single tīrtha is named; the verse evokes sacred waters in general (ocean and great rivers).

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it is narrative, not injunction.