Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 39

Devanagari script

जितक्रोधः प्रसन्नास्यस्त्वनसूयुरवंचकः । कृतज्ञः प्रीतिसुमुखः परिवादपराङ्मुखः

Transliteration

jitakrodhaḥ prasannāsyastvanasūyuravaṃcakaḥ | kṛtajñaḥ prītisumukhaḥ parivādaparāṅmukhaḥ

Translation

ชนะความโกรธ มีใบหน้าแจ่มใส; ไร้ริษยาและไร้เล่ห์กล; กตัญญู อ่อนหวานในไมตรี และหันหลังให้การนินทาว่าร้าย

Word by Word

• जितक्रोधः: one who has conquered anger
• जितक्रोधः: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित (कृदन्त; √जि क्त) + क्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—तत्पुरुष ('having conquered anger')

• प्रसन्नास्यः: cheerful-faced
• प्रसन्नास्यः: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रसन्न (कृदन्त; प्र + √सद्/√सन्? (प्रसादे) क्त/न) + आस्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—कर्मधारय ('with a cheerful face')

• तु: indeed, but
• तु: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/विशेषणार्थक-निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• अनसूयुः: not envious
• अनसूयुः: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ (नञ्) + असूयु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण; नञ्-तत्पुरुष ('non-envious')

• अवञ्चकः: not deceitful
• अवञ्चकः: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ (नञ्) + वञ्चक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण; नञ्-तत्पुरुष ('not deceitful')

• कृतज्ञः: grateful
• कृतज्ञः: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत (कृदन्त; √कृ (करणे) क्त) + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—तत्पुरुष ('knower of what is done' = grateful)

• प्रीतिसुमुखः: kindly-faced
• प्रीतिसुमुखः: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रीति (प्रातिपदिक) + सुमुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—कर्मधारय ('pleasant/affectionate-faced')

• परिवादपराङ्मुखः: averse to slander
• परिवादपराङ्मुखः: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परिवाद (प्रातिपदिक) + पराङ्मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—तत्पुरुष ('turned away from slander')

Speaker

Kāśī narrative voice (Uttarārdha context; traditionally Skanda addressing Agastya in Kāśī-khaṇḍa)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī (Avimukta)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A serene brāhmaṇa smiles gently, calming a tense situation; he refuses to engage in slander, offering gratitude and truthful simplicity amid Kāśī’s bustling sacred life.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Inner conquest—especially of anger—must be matched by purity of speech: avoid deceit and slander, cultivate gratitude and goodwill.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The teaching sits within the Kāśī-khaṇḍa’s sacred geography of Kāśī, though no individual tīrtha is named in this verse.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; the focus is on ethical restraints (yamas), particularly speech and temperament.