Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 16

Devanagari script

बभूवानंदितमना व्रतं जग्राह चोत्तमम् । हिरण्यगर्भादाचार्यान्महत्पाशुपताभिधम्

Transliteration

babhūvānaṃditamanā vrataṃ jagrāha cottamam | hiraṇyagarbhādācāryānmahatpāśupatābhidham

Translation

ด้วยใจเปี่ยมปีติ เขารับปฏิญาณอันประเสริฐ—มหาวรตที่เรียกว่า “ปาศุปตะ”—ซึ่งได้รับจากอาจารย์หิรัณยครรภะ

Word by Word

• बभूव: became
• बभूव: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (परोक्शभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• आनन्दितमना: one whose mind was delighted
• आनन्दितमना: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आनन्दित (आ+नन्द्-धातु, क्त-कृदन्त) + मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; बहुव्रीहिः—‘आनन्दितं मनो यस्य सः’

• व्रतम्: vow/observance
• व्रतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• जग्राह: took/undertook
• जग्राह: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपातः (conjunction)

• उत्तमम्: excellent
• उत्तमम्: Karma (Object-Qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (व्रतम् इति)

• हिरण्यगर्भात्: from Hiraṇyagarbha
• हिरण्यगर्भात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिरण्यगर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः (अपादान), एकवचनम्

• आचार्यात्: from the teacher
• आचार्यात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आचार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; (हिरण्यगर्भात् इत्यस्य विशेषण/अप्पोजिशन)

• महत्: great
• महत्: Karma (Object-Qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्

• पाशुपताभिधम्: called ‘Pāśupata’
• पाशुपताभिधम्: Karma (Object-Qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाशुपत (प्रातिपदिक) + अभिध (अभि+धा-धातु, क्त-कृदन्त/नामधातुजन्य)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (व्रतम् इति) — ‘पाशुपत-नामक’

Speaker

Śiva (continuing the narrative addressed to Aparṇā)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A serene initiation scene: an ācārya named Hiraṇyagarbha confers the Pāśupata vow to a delighted disciple, with sacred ash, rudrākṣa, and a liṅga nearby.

Characters & Entities

• Pāśupata-vrata
• Hiraṇyagarbha (ācārya)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Right guidance (ācārya) and wholehearted acceptance of a Śaiva vow elevate the seeker on the path of liberation.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Kāśī as the setting where Pāśupata discipline and transmission through teachers flourishes.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Adoption of the ‘Mahat Pāśupata’ vrata under an ācārya (teacher), implying formal discipline/observance.