Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 79

Devanagari script

एतज्जन्मकृतं पापं यच्च जन्मांतरार्जितम् । मनोवाक्कायजं यच्च ज्ञाताज्ञाते च ये पुनः

Transliteration

etajjanmakṛtaṃ pāpaṃ yacca janmāṃtarārjitam | manovākkāyajaṃ yacca jñātājñāte ca ye punaḥ

Translation

บาปที่ทำไว้ในชาตินี้ และบาปที่สั่งสมจากชาติอื่นๆ; และบาปที่เกิดจากใจ วาจา และกาย—ไม่ว่าจะทำโดยรู้ตัวหรือไม่รู้ตัว—

Word by Word

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; निर्देश-विशेषण

• जन्मकृतम्: done in this birth
• जन्मकृतम्: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जन्म (प्रातिपदिक) + कृत (कृ-धातु, क्त; कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘जन्मना कृतम्’

• पापम्: sin
• पापम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• यत्: and whatever
• यत्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• जन्मान्तरार्जितम्: acquired in another birth
• जन्मान्तरार्जितम्: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जन्मान्तर (जन्म + अन्तर) + अर्जित (अर्ज्-धातु, क्त; कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘जन्मान्तरे अर्जितम्’ (acquired in another birth)

• मनः: mind
• मनः: Sambandha (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासाङ्ग (member of compound)

• वाक्: speech
• वाक्: Sambandha (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासाङ्ग

• कायजम्: born of mind, speech, and body
• कायजम्: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काय (प्रातिपदिक) + ज (जन्-धातु, क-प्रत्यय/तद्धित; ‘born from’)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘मनः-वाक्-काय’ इति द्वन्द्वपूर्वपदसमासः, ततः ‘-ज’ प्रत्ययेन ‘मनसा वाचा कायेन च जातम्’

• यत्: and whatever
• यत्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• ज्ञाते: knowingly
• ज्ञाते: Adhikarana (Condition/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्ञात (ज्ञा-धातु, क्त; कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; ‘ज्ञाते (कर्मणि/स्थितौ)’ = when known/knowingly

• अज्ञाते: unknowingly
• अज्ञाते: Adhikarana (Condition/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अज्ञात (ज्ञा-धातु, नञ्-पूर्वक, क्त; कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; ‘अज्ञाते’ = unknowingly

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• ये: which (sins)
• ये: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (those which/that which)

• पुनः: further / again
• पुनः: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरुक्ति/पुनर्भावार्थक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: again/further)

Speaker

Unspecified (continuation of mantra/prayer formula)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Keśavāditya (Kāśī)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A pilgrim mentally reviewing actions of mind, speech, and body, offering a humble confession at the riverbank before ritual bathing; subtle visual triad motifs (thought, word, deed).

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Purāṇic ethics recognizes karmic fault across lifetimes and across thought, word, and deed; purification addresses all these layers.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The passage is embedded in Kāśīkhaṇḍa, pointing to Kāśī’s ritual landscape where such expiations are taught.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

The verse enumerates categories of sin as part of a recitation formula used with the vow/bath described in adjoining verses.