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Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 120

Devanagari script

ज्ञात्वाज्ञात्वा च गंगायां यः पंचत्वमवाप्नुयात् । अनात्मघाती स्वर्गी स्यान्नरकान्स न पश्यति

Transliteration

jñātvājñātvā ca gaṃgāyāṃ yaḥ paṃcatvamavāpnuyāt | anātmaghātī svargī syānnarakānsa na paśyati

Translation

ไม่ว่าจะรู้ตัวหรือไม่รู้ตัว ผู้ใดถึงความตายในพระคงคา—ตราบใดที่มิใช่ผู้ฆ่าตนเอง—ผู้นั้นย่อมมุ่งสู่สวรรค์ และไม่ต้องประสบเห็นนรกทั้งหลาย

Word by Word
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
Kriya-viseshana (Adverbial to main verb/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootज्ञा (धातु) → ज्ञात्वा (कृदन्त, त्वान्त)
Formकृदन्त-अव्यय; त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive/gerund) ‘having known’
अज्ञात्वाwithout knowing
अज्ञात्वा:
Kriya-viseshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootज्ञा (धातु) + अ- (निषेध) → अज्ञात्वा (कृदन्त, त्वान्त)
Formकृदन्त-अव्यय; नञ्-पूर्वक त्वान्त (absolutive) ‘without knowing’
चand
च:
Connector (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction ‘and’)
गङ्गायाम्in the Gaṅgā
गङ्गायाम्:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Locative singular
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; relative pronoun; Nominative singular
पञ्चत्वम्the state of five-ness; death (becoming the five elements)
पञ्चत्वम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular
अवाप्नुयात्should attain
अवाप्नुयात्:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअव + आप् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; parasmaipada; ‘should attain’
अनात्मघातीnot a self-slayer (not a suicide)
अनात्मघाती:
Karta (Predicate noun/कर्तृसमाना)
TypeNoun
Rootअनात्मघातिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—नञ्-तत्पुरुष (आत्मघाती न; not a self-killer); Nominative singular
स्वर्गीheaven-going; in heaven
स्वर्गी:
Karta (Predicate noun/कर्तृसमाना)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्गिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘one who goes to heaven/possessing heaven’; Nominative singular
स्यात्would be
स्यात्:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; parasmaipada; ‘would be/should be’
नरकान्hells
नरकान्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनरक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Accusative plural
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun; Nominative singular
नnot
न:
Negation (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation)
पश्यतिsees
पश्यति:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; parasmaipada
Speaker

Skanda (deduced: Kāśīkhaṇḍa commonly Skanda speaking to Agastya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Gaṅgā (Jāhnavī)

Type: ghat

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Ṛṣis; within Kāśī-khaṇḍa, Agastya appears as interlocutor nearby

Visual Art Cues

Scene: At a Kāśī ghat, an aged devotee near death is supported by family; Gaṅgā flows calmly. A subtle celestial path opens above, while a dharma-guardian motif signals the prohibition against self-slaughter.

Characters & Entities
G
Gaṅgā
N
Naraka
S
Svarga

FAQs

Death associated with the Gaṅgā is portrayed as salvific, but Purāṇic dharma excludes self-harm from this promised benefit.

The Gaṅgā (Jāhnavī) as a liberating tīrtha, especially in the Kāśī-khaṇḍa milieu.

No detailed ritual is given; the verse states a doctrinal result concerning death at/in the Gaṅgā, with an ethical restriction against suicide.

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