Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 47

Devanagari script

पञ्चाशद्धायनेतीते गत्वा कौ तप आचरत् । प्रद्योतनो विचार्यैवं गत्वा शीघ्रं मनोजवः

Transliteration

pañcāśaddhāyanetīte gatvā kau tapa ācarat | pradyotano vicāryaivaṃ gatvā śīghraṃ manojavaḥ

Translation

ครั้นกาลล่วงไปห้าสิบปี พระองค์เสด็จไปยังที่ซึ่งนางบำเพ็ญตบะอยู่ เมื่อทรงดำริดังนี้แล้ว พระประทีปแห่งโลก (พระอาทิตย์) ผู้รวดเร็วดุจใจ ก็เสด็จไปโดยพลัน

Word by Word

• पञ्चाशत्: fifty
• पञ्चाशत्: Visheshana (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्चाशत् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक; अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; ‘द्वितीते’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (fifty)

• हायने: in years
• हायने: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हायन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (प्रयोगे), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन; ‘in years’ (year-count)

• अतीते: having passed/elapsed
• अतीते: Kāla (Time/काल)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतित (कृदन्त; अति-इ/या धातु + क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी-भावः—‘when (they) had passed’

• गत्वा: having gone
• गत्वा: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त्वा (अव्ययकृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having gone’

• कौ: which two (persons)
• कौ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन; प्रश्नार्थक—‘which two?’

• तपः: austerity
• तपः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• आचरत्: practised/performed
• आचरत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर् (धातु) + आ-उपसर्ग
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• प्रद्योतनः: Pradyotana (the Sun)
• प्रद्योतनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रद्योतन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सूर्यस्य नाम

• विचार्य: having considered
• विचार्य: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चर्/चार् (धातु) + वि-उपसर्ग + ल्यप् (अव्ययकृदन्त)
• Form: अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having considered/reflected’

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Prakara (Manner/प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of manner)

• गत्वा: having gone
• गत्वा: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त्वा (अव्ययकृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having gone’

• शीघ्रम्: quickly
• शीघ्रम्: Prakara (Manner/प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शीघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणरूपे अव्यय (adverb)

• मनोजवः: swift as thought
• मनोजवः: Visheshana (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक) + जव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः—मनसः जवः (mind-speed) / मनोजवः (swift as thought) कर्मधारयः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; प्रद्योतनः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

Speaker

Unknown (narrative voice within Dharmāraṇya Khaṇḍa; likely Sūta narrating to sages)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Dharmāraṇya

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: King

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A time-lapse sense: seasons passing over a meditating ascetic in the forest; then Sūrya, radiant and swift, moves like a streak of light toward her hermitage after fifty years.

Characters & Entities

• Sūrya (Pradyotana)
• Dharmāraṇya
• Saṃjñā (implied)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Perseverance over long periods is honored; sustained tapas in a sacred realm culminates in divine response and reconciliation.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Dharmāraṇya is the sacred arena where prolonged austerity is performed and where the Sun himself comes.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Long-term tapas (austerity) is noted; no detailed ritual procedure is specified.