Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 3

Devanagari script

ध्यायन्तौ भास्करं देवं तमोनाशं जगत्त्रये । तुष्टस्तत्तपसा देवः सहस्रांशुरुवाच ह

Transliteration

dhyāyantau bhāskaraṃ devaṃ tamonāśaṃ jagattraye | tuṣṭastattapasā devaḥ sahasrāṃśuruvāca ha

Translation

ทั้งสองเพ่งฌานต่อพระภาสกร เทวผู้ขจัดความมืดในสามโลก แล้วบำเพ็ญตบะบูชา ครั้นพระผู้มีรัศมีพันประการทรงพอพระทัยในตบะนั้น จึงตรัสว่า

Word by Word

• ध्यायन्तौ: (the two) meditating
• ध्यायन्तौ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ध्यै (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Present active participle), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग (कर्तरि प्रयोगः)

• भास्करम्: the Sun (Bhāskara)
• भास्करम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भास्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• देवम्: the god
• देवम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भास्करम् इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषण/अप्पोजिशन

• तमोनाशम्: destroyer of darkness
• तमोनाशम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तमस् (प्रातिपदिक) + नाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (तमसः नाशः), पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भास्करम् विशेषयति

• जगत्त्रये: in the three worlds
• जगत्त्रये: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक) + त्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषः/कर्मधारयभावः (त्रयम् जगत्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• तुष्टः: pleased
• तुष्टः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुष् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकाले क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; देवः इति विशेष्य

• तत्: by that
• तत्: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तपसा इति सह (तत् तपसा = तेन तपसा)

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

• देवः: the god
• देवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन

• सहस्रांशुः: the thousand-rayed one (Sun)
• सहस्रांशुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अंशु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सहस्राणाम् अंशवः यस्य), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; देवस्य विशेषणम् (सूर्यः)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदम्

• ह: indeed
• ह: Avyaya (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

Speaker

Mārkaṇḍeya

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: ghat

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Pārtha (addressed)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Two ascetics/demons seated in intense meditation on a luminous riverbank at dawn; the solar orb manifests with thousand rays, dispelling a veil of darkness over the three worlds.

Characters & Entities

• Bhāskara
• Sahasrāṃśu

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sincere dhyāna and tapas invoke divine grace; the Sun is praised as the cosmic remover of darkness within all realms.

Which specific holy site (Tīrtha) is glorified here?

This verse supports the origin narrative of Caṇḍāditya tīrtha on the Narmadā, explaining why the site is sacred.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Meditation upon Bhāskara (Sūrya-dhyāna) is implied as the devotional act that gains divine favor.