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Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 110

Devanagari script

गन्धर्वाप्सरसो नागाः खुराग्रेषु व्यवस्थिताः । पृथिव्यां सागरान्तायां यानि तीर्थानि भारत । तानि सर्वाणि जानीयाद्गौर्गव्यं तेन पावनम्

Transliteration

gandharvāpsaraso nāgāḥ khurāgreṣu vyavasthitāḥ | pṛthivyāṃ sāgarāntāyāṃ yāni tīrthāni bhārata | tāni sarvāṇi jānīyādgaurgavyaṃ tena pāvanam

Translation

เหล่าคันธรรพ์ อัปสรา และนาค สถิตอยู่ที่ปลายกีบของนาง โอ้ภารตะ บรรดาตีรถะทั้งหลายบนแผ่นดินซึ่งมีมหาสมุทรเป็นขอบเขต จงรู้เถิดว่าล้วนสถิตอยู่ในโค ดังนั้นสิ่งใด ๆ ที่เกิดจากโคย่อมเป็นเครื่องชำระให้บริสุทธิ์

Word by Word
गन्धर्वाःGandharvas
गन्धर्वाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
अप्सरसःApsarases
अप्सरसः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअप्सरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
नागाःNāgas
नागाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनाग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
खुराग्रेषुon the tips of the hooves
खुराग्रेषु:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootखुर (प्रातिपदिक) + अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (खुरस्य अग्रे)
व्यवस्थिताःare stationed
व्यवस्थिताः:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate adjective/समनाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + अव + √स्था (धातु) → व्यवस्थित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
पृथिव्याम्on the earth
पृथिव्याम्:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
सागरान्तायाम्bounded by the ocean
सागरान्तायाम्:
Visheshana (Adjectival qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसागर (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (सागरः अन्तः यस्याः)
यानिwhich (things)
यानि:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
तीर्थानिholy places
तीर्थानि:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतीर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), बहुवचन
भारतO Bhārata
भारत:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootभारत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन
तानिthose
तानि:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
सर्वाणिall
सर्वाणि:
Visheshana (Adjectival qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
जानीयात्should know
जानीयात्:
Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ज्ञा (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
गौःthe cow
गौः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
गव्यम्cow-product; derived from cow
गव्यम्:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate noun/समनाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootगव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
तेनby that; thereby
तेन:
Karana (Instrument/Means/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
पावनम्purifying
पावनम्:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate adjective/समनाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपावन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
Speaker

Śrī Mārkaṇḍeya (deduced from nearby dialogue context)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Go (as sarva-tīrtha-ādhāra)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Yudhiṣṭhira (Bhārata)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A majestic cow stands with luminous hoof-tips where Gandharvas, Apsarases, and Nāgas appear as tiny divine beings; around her, miniature icons of famous tirthas encircle the earth, implying their presence within her.

Characters & Entities
G
Gandharvas
A
Apsarases
N
Nāgas
T
Tīrthas
B
Bhārata (Yudhiṣṭhira)

FAQs

Sacred geography culminates in a portable sanctity: the cow is portrayed as containing all tīrthas, making service to her a concentrated form of merit.

All tīrthas collectively are invoked; the verse universalizes pilgrimage-merit through Gau-māhātmya.

An implied endorsement of using and honoring gavya (cow-derived substances) as purifying, grounded in their tīrtha-equivalence.

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