Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 16

Devanagari script

पराभवः कृतो येन सोऽद्य यातु यमालयम् । एवमुक्तास्तु कृष्णेन कथयामासुरस्य तत्

Transliteration

parābhavaḥ kṛto yena so'dya yātu yamālayam | evamuktāstu kṛṣṇena kathayāmāsurasya tat

Translation

ผู้ใดทำให้พวกท่านอัปยศ ผู้นั้นจงไปสู่พำนักของยมะในวันนี้เถิด! ครั้นถูกพระกฤษณะตรัสดังนี้ พวกเขาจึงเล่าเรื่องเกี่ยวกับอสูรนั้นแก่พระองค์

Word by Word

• पराभवः: defeat, humiliation
• पराभवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पराभव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• कृतः: done, caused
• कृतः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle) ‘कृत’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; पराभवस्य विशेषणम्

• येन: by whom
• येन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक सर्वनाम

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; संकेत/अन्वादेश सर्वनाम

• अद्य: today, now
• अद्य: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)

• यातु: let (him) go
• यातु: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• यमालयम्: abode of Yama
• यमालयम्: Gati/Karma (Destination/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम + आलय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; समास: यमस्य आलयः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Sambandha (Manner/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb: thus)

• उक्ताः: having been addressed
• उक्ताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वच् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त ‘उक्त’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; (ते) उक्ताः

• तु: but, indeed
• तु: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वयबोधक निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• कृष्णेन: by Krishna
• कृष्णेन: Karana (Agent/Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन

• कथयामासुः: they related, they told
• कथयामासुः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथय् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (परोक्षभूत/पर्फेक्ट), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• अस्य: of him, his
• अस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन; अन्वादेश सर्वनाम

• तत्: that (matter)
• तत्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन

Speaker

Śrī Vāsudeva/Kṛṣṇa (Viṣṇu) leading into Devas’ report

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā (Narmadā)

Type: river

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Ṛṣis/assembly (frame)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Kṛṣṇa speaks a decisive curse-like assurance—sending the humiliator to Yama—while the petitioners begin narrating the demon’s deeds.

Characters & Entities

• Kṛṣṇa (Viṣṇu)
• Yama
• Devas
• Asura (demon)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Adharma that humiliates the righteous invites swift divine justice; the Lord restores moral order.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific tīrtha is named in this verse.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it is a narrative vow of protection and punishment of wrongdoing.