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Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 4

Devanagari script

स्नात्वा त्रयोदशीदिने श्राद्धं कृत्वा विधानतः । देवैः संस्थापितं देवं सम्पूज्य वृषभध्वजम् । सर्वपापविनिर्मुक्तो रुद्रलोकमवाप्नुयात्

Transliteration

snātvā trayodaśīdine śrāddhaṃ kṛtvā vidhānataḥ | devaiḥ saṃsthāpitaṃ devaṃ sampūjya vṛṣabhadhvajam | sarvapāpavinirmukto rudralokamavāpnuyāt

Translation

ครั้นอาบน้ำในวันไตรโยทศี แล้วประกอบศราทธะตามพระวินัย จากนั้นพึงบูชาอย่างสมบูรณ์แด่เทพผู้เหล่าเทวะสถาปนา คือ วฤษภธวชะ (พระศิวะผู้มีธงรูปโค) เมื่อพ้นบาปทั้งปวงแล้ว ย่อมบรรลุถึงโลกแห่งพระรุทรา

Word by Word
स्नात्वाhaving bathed
स्नात्वा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial participle/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootस्ना (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive/gerund), धातु: स्ना, अर्थ: स्नानं कृत्वा
त्रयोदशी-दिनेon the thirteenth day
त्रयोदशी-दिने:
Adhikaraṇa (Locative/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रयोदशी (प्रातिपदिक) + दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; समास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (त्रयोदश्याः दिनम्)
श्राद्धम्śrāddha rite
श्राद्धम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
कृत्वाhaving performed
कृत्वा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial participle/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive/gerund), धातु: कृ, अर्थ: कृत्वा
विधानतःaccording to rule
विधानतः:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Manner/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablatival adverb), अर्थ: विधानेन/विधिपूर्वकं
देवैःby the gods
देवैः:
Karta (Agent in passive/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन
संस्थापितम्installed/established
संस्थापितम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + स्थाप् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणं (देवम्)
देवम्the deity
देवम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
सम्पूज्यhaving duly worshipped
सम्पूज्य:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial participle/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + पूज् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-समकक्ष अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ल्यप्-प्रत्यय (सम्पूज्य = सम्यक् पूजयित्वा)
वृषभध्वजम्the Bull-bannered one (Śiva)
वृषभध्वजम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक) + ध्वज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: यस्य ध्वजः वृषभः सः (शिवः)
सर्वपापविनिर्मुक्तःfreed from all sins
सर्वपापविनिर्मुक्तः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + पाप (प्रातिपदिक) + वि + निर् + मुच् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त/PPP) ‘विनिर्मुक्त’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समास: तत्पुरुष (सर्वपापेभ्यः विनिर्मुक्तः)
रुद्रलोकम्Rudra’s world
रुद्रलोकम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र (प्रातिपदिक) + लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (रुद्रस्य लोकः)
अवाप्नुयात्may attain
अवाप्नुयात्:
Kriyā (Main verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअव + आप् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
Speaker

Mārkaṇḍeya

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: A king (nṛpa) addressed in adjacent verses; likely the frame-listener of this section

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A pilgrim at a Narmadā ghat on Trayodaśī: bathing, then offering piṇḍa/tarpaṇa to pitṛs, then approaching a Deva-established Śiva-liṅga with Nandin-banner symbolism; priests, lamps, bilva leaves, river flowing behind.

Characters & Entities
T
Trayodaśī
Ś
śrāddha
V
Vṛṣabhadhvaja (Śiva)
R
Rudraloka
D
devas
D
Deva-tīrtha

FAQs

When tīrtha, sacred time, and correct ritual converge—snāna, śrāddha, and Śiva-pūjā—purification is complete and the highest Śaiva fruit is promised.

Deva-tīrtha, where the devas established a form of Śiva (Vṛṣabhadhvaja).

On Trayodaśī: (1) snāna, (2) śrāddha as per vidhi, and (3) full worship of Vṛṣabhadhvaja (Śiva) established by the devas.

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