Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 9

Devanagari script

येन येन यदा दत्तं येन येन यदा हुतम् । तस्य तस्य तदा काले सविता प्रतिदायकः

Transliteration

yena yena yadā dattaṃ yena yena yadā hutam | tasya tasya tadā kāle savitā pratidāyakaḥ

Translation

บุคคลใดให้ทานสิ่งใด เมื่อใด และบูชาอาหุติสิ่งใดลงในไฟ เมื่อใด ในกาลนั้นเอง พระสวิตฤ (สุริยเทพ) ย่อมเป็นผู้ตอบแทน ประทานผลให้สมควรแก่กรรมนั้น

Word by Word

• येन: by whom/with which
• येन: Karana (Instrument/Agent-instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; तृतीया विभक्ति (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन (instrumental singular)

• येन: by whom/with which
• येन: Karana (Instrument/Agent-instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; तृतीया विभक्ति (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन (instrumental singular)

• यदा: when
• यदा: Kala (Time/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (relative temporal adverb: when)

• दत्तम्: given
• दत्तम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √दा (धातु)
• Form: कृत्-प्रत्यय: क्त (past passive participle) ‘दत्त’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (used impersonally: ‘given’)

• येन: by whom/with which
• येन: Karana (Instrument/Agent-instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; तृतीया विभक्ति (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन (instrumental singular)

• येन: by whom/with which
• येन: Karana (Instrument/Agent-instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; तृतीया विभक्ति (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन (instrumental singular)

• यदा: when
• यदा: Kala (Time/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (relative temporal adverb: when)

• हुतम्: offered (as oblation)
• हुतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √हु (धातु)
• Form: कृत्-प्रत्यय: क्त (past passive participle) ‘हुत’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (offered in fire)

• तस्य: of that person/that
• तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; षष्ठी विभक्ति (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन (genitive singular)

• तस्य: of that person/that
• तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; षष्ठी विभक्ति (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन (genitive singular)

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kala (Time/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (then)

• काले: at the time
• काले: Adhikarana (Time-location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी विभक्ति (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन (locative singular)

• सविता: the Sun (Savitā)
• सविता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (nominative singular)

• प्रतिदायकः: the requiter/one who gives back
• प्रतिदायकः: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रति + दायक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक (ण्वुल्/तृच्-भाव: giver)

Speaker

Śrī Mārkaṇḍeya (contextual)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Ravitīrtha (contextual)

Type: ghat

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A symbolic scene: Savitṛ as radiant Sun above, rays touching a donor giving alms and a sacrificer offering into fire; the rays return as fruits—grain, health, prosperity—showing ‘pratidāna’.

Characters & Entities

• Savitṛ (Sun)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Merit is not lost—Savitṛ ensures timely, fitting recompense for gifts and offerings.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The broader adhyāya points to Ravitīrtha/Ādityeśvara on the Narmadā; this verse states the principle behind its merit.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Practice dāna (giving) and hutam/homa (fire oblations), trusting that the Sun dispenses their results at the right time.