Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 173

Devanagari script

ततः प्रभाते विमले द्विजान्सम्पूज्य यत्नतः । गोदानेन हिरण्येन वस्त्रेणान्नेन भारत

Transliteration

tataḥ prabhāte vimale dvijānsampūjya yatnataḥ | godānena hiraṇyena vastreṇānnena bhārata

Translation

ครั้นรุ่งอรุณอันบริสุทธิ์แล้ว โอ ภารตะ พึงนอบน้อมบูชาทวิชะ (ผู้เกิดสองครั้ง) ด้วยความเพียรและศรัทธา—ด้วยการถวายโคทาน ทองคำ ผ้า และอาหาร

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Kriya-sambandha (Sequencer/क्रमसूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablatival adverb: ‘thereafter/from that’)

• प्रभाते: in the morning
• प्रभाते: Adhikaraṇa (Time-locative/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; कालाधिकरण

• विमले: pure, clear
• विमले: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विमल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying प्रभाते)

• द्विजान्: the twice-born (Brahmins)
• द्विजान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन

• सम्पूज्य: having duly honored
• सम्पूज्य: Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial participle/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + पूज् (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप् अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund; ‘having duly worshipped’), धातु: पूज् उपसर्ग: सम्

• यत्नतः: carefully
• यत्नतः: Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverb/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्नतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (adverb: ‘carefully/with effort’)

• गोदानेन: by gifting a cow
• गोदानेन: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोदान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: गोः दानम्

• हिरण्येन: with gold
• हिरण्येन: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन

• वस्त्रेण: with cloth/garments
• वस्त्रेण: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन

• अन्नेन: with food
• अन्नेन: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन

• भारत: O Bhārata
• भारत: Sambodhana (Vocative/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) (deduced)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: tirtha

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Bhārata (addressed)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Morning light at the tīrtha: the patron respectfully offers gifts—cow, gold, cloth, and food—to seated brāhmaṇas after completing the night observance.

Characters & Entities

• Brāhmaṇas (Dvija)
• Go-dāna
• Hiraṇya-dāna

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

A vrata is fulfilled not only by personal worship but also by dharmic generosity—especially honoring worthy brāhmaṇas with gifts.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The Revā (Narmadā) sacred landscape underlies the chapter; this verse focuses on the ethical act of dāna rather than a named tirtha.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Morning brāhmaṇa-satkara (honoring the twice-born) with go-dāna, gold, clothing, and food.