Mantra 5
Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance (Vishṇu hymn-complex)
Devata: Viṣṇu
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तद्विष्णो॑: पर॒मं प॒दᳪ सदा॑ पश्यन्ति सू॒रयो॑ ।दि॒वी॒व॒ चक्षु॒रात॑तम्
Transliteration
tád víṣṇoḥ paramáṃ padáṃ sádā paśyanti sūríyaḥ | divī́va cákṣur ā́tatam
Translation
ย่างก้าวอันสูงสุดของวิษณุ (Viṣṇu) เหล่าปราชญ์ย่อมเพ่งเห็นอยู่เสมอ—ดุจดวงตาที่แผ่ขึงอยู่ในสวรรค์.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
तत् । विष्णोः॑ । पर॒मम् । प॒दम् । सदा॑ । पश्यन्ति । सू॒रयः॑ । दि॒वि-इव॑ । चक्षुः॑ । आ॒ततम्
Word by Word
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म (पश्यन्ति—‘that’ as object) / (सम्बन्धे ‘तद् विष्णोः’ = ‘of that Viṣṇu’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विष्णोःof Viṣṇu
विष्णोः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of Viṣṇu’)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
परमम्highest, supreme
परमम्:
कर्म-विशेषण (qualifier of the object ‘पदम्’)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
पदम्step; place; station
पदम्:
कर्म (object of पश्यन्ति)
TypeNoun
Rootपद (प्रातिपदिक)
सदाalways
सदा:
अधिकारण (temporal: ‘always’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
पश्यन्तिthey see
पश्यन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√पश् (दृश्-अर्थे)
सूरयःthe seers; wise ones
सूरयः:
कर्तृ (agent of पश्यन्ति)
TypeNoun
Rootसूरि (प्रातिपदिक)
दिवीवas if in heaven
दिवीव:
अधिकारण/उपमान (locative + simile: ‘as if in heaven’)
TypeIndeclinable phrase
Rootदिवि + इव (इव = अव्यय)
चक्षुःeye; vision
चक्षुः:
उपमान/विशेष्य (with ātatam: ‘an eye/vision’)
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
आततम्stretched out; spread
आततम्:
विशेषण (qualifier: ‘stretched/spread out’)
TypeAdjective (past passive participle) / Kṛdanta
Rootआ-√तन् (तन्-विस्तारे) → आतत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Entities Mentioned
V
ViṣṇuS
Sūrya/Āditya (implicit through ‘sūrayaḥ’ and heavenly ‘eye’)Ritual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes