Mantra 31

Rishi: Traditionally ascribed within the Āditya-hymnic strata (Rigvedic provenance); in VS usage treated as received mantra (śruti) rather than authorial composition.

Devata: Mitra–Aryaman–Varuṇa (Ādityas)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (Rigvedic source-type; to be verified against full pada count in the source hymn)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

महि॑ त्री॒णामवो॑ऽस्तु द्यु॒क्षं मि॒त्रस्या॑र्य॒म्णः । दु॑रा॒धर्षं॒ वरु॑णस्य

Transliteration

máhi trīṇām ávo ’stu dyúkṣaṃ mitrásyā́ryamṇáḥ | durā́dharṣaṃ váruṇasya

Translation

ขอความอุปถัมภ์ของเทพทั้งสามจงยิ่งใหญ่ ขอรัศมีอันสว่างไสวของมิตรและอริยมันจงรุ่งโรจน์ ขอเดชานุภาพของวรุณะจงมิอาจถูกพิชิตได้

Padapatha (Word Analysis)

महि । त्री॒णाम् । अवः । अस्तु । द्यु॒क्षम् । मि॒त्रस्य॑ । अ॒र्य॒म्णः । दु॑रा॒धर्षम् । वरु॑णस्य ।

Word by Word

• महि: greatly; abundantly
• महि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: महि (अव्यय; महत्-सम्बद्ध) अथवा महि (स्त्री. प्रा.)

• त्रीणाम्: of the three
• त्रीणाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)

• अवः: help; protection; favor
• अवः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (नपुं.)

• अस्तु: may it be
• अस्तु: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• द्युक्शम्: shining; radiant
• द्युक्शम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्युक्श (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; ‘द्युत्/प्रकाश’ सम्बद्ध)

• मित्रस्य: of Mitra
• मित्रस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (पुं.)

• अर्यम्णः: of Aryaman
• अर्यम्णः: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्यमन् (पुं.)

• दुराधर्षम्: hard to assail; invincible
• दुराधर्षम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुराधर्ष (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; दुर् + आधृष् ‘to assail’ से)

• वरुणस्य: of Varuṇa
• वरुणस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरुण (पुं.)

Entities Mentioned

• Mitra
• Aryaman
• Varuṇa