Mantra 38
Rishi: Yājñavalkya-tradition (White Yajurveda school attribution; catalogue material is generally an Adhvaryu corpus rather than a single ṛṣi-hymn)
Devata: Multiple (ṛtu, Pitṛs, Bala, Vasus, Nirṛti, Varuṇa)
Chandas: Yajus (prose formulae; not metrical in the strict ṛc-sense)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
व॒र्षा॒हूरृ॒तू॒ना॑मा॒खुः कशो॑ मान्था॒लस्ते पि॑तॄ॒णां बला॑याजग॒रो वसू॑नां क॒पिञ्ज॑लः क॒पोत॒ उलू॑कः श॒शस्ते निरृ॑त्यै॒ वरु॑णायार॒ण्यो मे॒षः
Transliteration
varṣā-hū́r ṛtū́nām ākhúḥ káśo mānthāláste pitṝṇā́m balā́yājagaráḥ vasū́nāṁ kapíñjalaḥ kapóta ulū́kaḥ śaśáste nírṛtyai váruṇāyāraṇyó méṣaḥ
Translation
ผู้เรียกฝนถวายแด่ฤดูกาลทั้งหลาย; หนู (และ) กะศะ (Kaśa); มานถาละ (Mānthāla) ถวายแด่บรรพชน; งูเหลือม (อชคระ) ถวายแด่พละกำลัง; นกคะปินชละ (kapiñjala) ถวายแด่วสุ (Vasus); นกพิราบ นกเค้า และกระต่าย ถวายแด่นิรฤติ (Nirṛti); แด่วรุณะ (Varuṇa) ถวายแกะผู้ป่า.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
वर्षा-हूः । ऋतूनाम् । आखुः । कशः । मान्थालः । ते । पितॄणाम् । बलाय । अजगरः । वसूनाम् । कपिञ्जलः । कपोतः । उलूकः । शशः । ते । निरृत्यै । वरुणाय । अरण्यः । मेषः
Word by Word
वर्षाहूःthe ‘rain-caller’ (a bird/creature so named)
वर्षाहूः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootवर्षाहू (प्रातिपदिक) < वर्षा + आहू (आह्वा/हू ‘to call’ से व्युत्पन्न नाम)
ऋतूनाम्of the seasons
ऋतूनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootऋतु (प्रातिपदिक)
आखुःthe mouse/rat
आखुः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootआखु (प्रातिपदिक)
कशःthe whip/strap (named creature/term: ‘kasha’)
कशः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootकश (प्रातिपदिक)
मान्थालःthe ‘manthāla’ (a named animal/bird)
मान्थालः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमान्थाल (प्रातिपदिक)
तेthey
ते:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
पितॄणाम्of the Fathers (Pitṛs)
पितॄणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
बलायःthe crane/heron (balāya)
बलायः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootबलाय (प्रातिपदिक)
जगरःthe ‘jagara’ (a named creature)
जगरः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootजगर (प्रातिपदिक)
वसूनाम्of the Vasus
वसूनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रातिपदिक)
कपिञ्जलःthe partridge (kapiñjala)
कपिञ्जलः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootकपिञ्जल (प्रातिपदिक)
कपोतःthe pigeon/dove
कपोतः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootकपोत (प्रातिपदिक)
उलूकःthe owl
उलूकः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootउलूक (प्रातिपदिक)
शशःthe hare/rabbit
शशः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootशश (प्रातिपदिक)
तेthey
ते:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
निरृत्यैfor Nirṛti (goddess of destruction/misfortune)
निरृत्यै:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootनिरृति (प्रातिपदिक)
वरुणायfor Varuṇa
वरुणाय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
अरण्यःthe wild/forest(-dweller) (a named animal)
अरण्यः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
मेषःthe ram
मेषः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमेष (प्रातिपदिक)
Entities Mentioned
Ṛ
Ṛtavaḥ (Seasons)P
Pitṛs (Fathers/Ancestors)B
Bala (Strength)V
VasusN
NirṛtiV
VaruṇaRitual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes