Mantra 51
Rishi: Traditional pitṛ-invocation lineage; specific ṛṣi not explicit.
Devata: Pitaraḥ and Yama.
Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like (to be confirmed).
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ये न॒: पूर्वे॑ पि॒तर॑: सो॒म्यासो॑ऽनूहि॒रे सो॑मपी॒थं वसि॑ष्ठाः । तेभि॑र्य॒मः स॑ररा॒णो ह॒वीᳪष्यु॒शन्नु॒शद्भि॑: प्रतिका॒मम॑त्तु
Transliteration
yé naḥ pū́rve pitáraḥ somyā́so 'nūhiré somapī́thaṃ vásiṣṭhāḥ | tébhir yamáḥ sararāṇó havī́ṃṣy uśán nu uśádbhiḥ pratikā́mam attu
Translation
ขอให้บรรพชนก่อนหน้าของเรา ผู้ควรแก่โสมะ ผู้ติดตามพิธีดื่มโสมะ—เหล่าวสิษฐะ—พร้อมกับท่านเหล่านั้น ยมะผู้ก้าวไปข้างหน้า จงยินดีเสวยเครื่องบูชา ร่วมกับผู้ยินดีทั้งหลาย ตามความปรารถนาแต่ละประการเถิด
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
ये । नः । पूर्वे । पितरः । सोम्यासः । अनूहिरे । सोम-पीथम् । वसिष्ठाः । तेभिः । यमः । सरराणः । हविषु । उशन् । उशद्भिः । प्रति-कामम् । अत्तु
Word by Word
येwho (those who)
ये:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्धी/विशेषण-रूपेण ‘पितरः’ इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य
नःof us / our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
पूर्वेformer, earlier
पूर्वे:
विशेषणम् (पितरः)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
पितरःfathers, ancestors
पितरः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
सोम्यासःsoma-worthy / connected with Soma
सोम्यासः:
विशेषणम् (पितरः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसोम्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सोम-सम्बन्धिन्/सोम-योग्य’)
अनूहिरेthey followed / they came along
अनूहिरे:
क्रिया (कर्तृ = पितरः)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√हृ (हरति) / वैदिक-रूप: अनु-हेर्
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ (अत्तु इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम) → स
सोमपीथम्Soma-drinking (draught/feast)
सोमपीथम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootसोम-पीथ (समास; पीथ = पान/पेय-स्थान/पानम्)
वसिष्ठाःO Vasiṣṭhas (O Vasiṣṭha lineage)
वसिष्ठाः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper) / Vocative
Rootवसिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; ऋषि-नाम)
तेभिःwith them / by them
तेभिः:
करण (सह/साधन-भावः: ‘with them’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
यमःYama
यमः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक; देवता)
सरराणःmoving/going along; hastening (Vedic: ‘having gone/advanced’)
सरराणः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (यमः)
TypeParticiple
Root√सृ (सरति) + रराण (लिट्-कृदन्त/परफेक्ट-पार्टिसिपल, वैदिक)
हवीᳪषिoblations
हवीᳪषि:
कर्म (अत्तु)
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
उशन्desiring
उशन्:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (यमः)
TypeParticiple
Root√वश्/√उश् (इच्छति/कामयते; वैदिक ‘उशन्’ = इच्छन्)
उशद्भिःwith the desirous (ones)
उशद्भिः:
करण (सहभावः: ‘with the desiring ones’)
TypeParticiple
Root√वश्/√उश् (इच्छति) → उशत्
प्रतिकामम्according to (each) wish / as desired
प्रतिकामम्:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (अत्तु)
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial) / Nominal accusative used adverbially
Rootप्रति-काम (अव्ययीभाव/तत्पुरुष; ‘प्रत्येकं कामम्’)
अत्तुlet him eat / may he partake
अत्तु:
क्रिया (कर्तृ = यमः)
TypeVerb
Root√अद् (अत्ति)
Entities Mentioned
P
Pitaraḥ (Soma-worthy Fathers)V
Vasiṣṭhāḥ (as ancestral group)Y
YamaRitual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes