Mantra 45
Rishi: Śrauta tradition (protective/expulsive formulae).
Devata: Yama and the Pitṛs (with apotropaic force directed at unnamed intruders).
Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh-like cadence (ṛc-style), used as yajus in application.
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अपे॑त वी॒त वि च॑ सर्प॒तातो॒ येऽत्र॒ स्थ पु॑रा॒णा ये च॒ नूत॑नाः । अदा॑द्य॒मो॒ऽव॒सानं॑ पृथि॒व्या अक्र॑न्नि॒मं पि॒तरो॑ लो॒कम॑स्मै
Transliteration
apéta vīta ví ca sarpatātó yé’tra sthá purāṇā́ yé ca nū́tanāḥ | adā́d yamó’vasā́naṃ pṛthivyā́ ákrann imáṃ pitáro lokám asmai
Translation
จงไปเสีย จงถอยไป จงคลานออกไปแล้วสูญหาย—ผู้ใดอยู่ ณ ที่นี้ ไม่ว่าผู้เก่าหรือผู้ใหม่. ยมะ (Yama) ได้กำหนดเขตแดนแห่งแผ่นดิน; เหล่าบิดร (Pitṛ) ได้ก่อรูปโลกนี้ไว้เพื่อเขา.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
अपेत । वीत । वि । च । सर्पतातः । ये । अत्र । स्थ । पुराणाः । ये । च । नूतनाः । अदात् । यमः । अवसानम् । पृथिव्याः । अक्रन् । इमम् । पितरः । लोकम् । अस्मै ।
Word by Word
अपेतdepart (you all), go away
अपेत:
—
TypeVerb
Rootअप-इ (धातु: इ ‘गमन’) / उपसर्ग: अप
वीतgo away, disperse
वीत:
—
TypeVerb
Rootवि-इ (धातु: इ ‘गमन’) / उपसर्ग: वि
विapart, asunder
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सर्पतcreep away, slink off
सर्पत:
—
TypeVerb
Rootसृप् (धातु: सृप् ‘सर्पणे/गत्यर्थ’)
आतःfrom here, hence
आतः:
Apādāna
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः (अव्यय; ‘इतः’ इत्यस्य विपरीतार्थक-प्रयोगः) / प्रातिपदिक: अ
येwho (those who)
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
स्थyou are / you stand
स्थ:
—
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु: अस् ‘भू/सत्तायाम्’)
पुराणाःancient, old
पुराणाः:
Kartā (ye … purāṇāḥ) / विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootपुराण (प्रातिपदिक)
येwho (those who)
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
नूतनाःnew, recent
नूतनाः:
Kartā (ye … nūtanāḥ) / विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootनूतन (प्रातिपदिक)
अदाद्यःYama, the ‘Adādya’ (epithet)
अदाद्यः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootअदाद्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अद्’ इत्यस्य अदादि-गण-संबद्ध विशेषण)
यमःYama
यमः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक)
अवसानम्boundary, limit, resting-place
अवसानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअवसान (प्रातिपदिक)
पृथिव्याःof the earth
पृथिव्याः:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
अक्रन्they made
अक्रन्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु: कृ ‘करणे’)
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पितरःthe Fathers (ancestors)
पितरः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
लोकम्world, realm
लोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मैfor him (to him)
अस्मै:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअयम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अस्मद्-प्रयोग (दत्तिवाचक)
Entities Mentioned
Y
YamaP
Pitṛs (Fathers/Ancestors)Ritual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes