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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 23

शिवस्य परापरब्रह्मस्वरूपनिर्णयः / Determination of Śiva as Higher and Lower Brahman

प्राज्ञस्तैजसविश्वात्मेत्यपरे संप्रचक्षते । तुरीयमपरे प्राहुः सौम्यमेव परे विदुः

prājñastaijasaviśvātmetyapare saṃpracakṣate | turīyamapare prāhuḥ saumyameva pare viduḥ

บางท่านเรียกพระองค์ว่า ปรัชญะ ไตชสะ และวิศวาตมัน; บางท่านประกาศว่าพระองค์คือ ตุรียะ—ภาวะที่สี่; และบางท่านรู้ว่าพระองค์เท่านั้นคือ เสามยะ—สภาวะอันสงบและเป็นมงคลยิ่ง

प्राज्ञःthe Prājña (deep-sleep self)
प्राज्ञः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्राज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
तैजसःthe Taijasa (dream self)
तैजसः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतैजस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
विश्वात्माthe Viśvātmā (self as the universal/Viśva)
विश्वात्मा:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविश्व + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): 'विश्वस्य आत्मा'
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/निगमनार्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
अपरेothers
अपरे:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Plural)
संप्रचक्षतेdeclare / describe
संप्रचक्षते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-चक्ष् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद
तुरीयम्the fourth (state)
तुरीयम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतुरीय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
अपरेothers
अपरे:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
प्राहुःsaid / call
प्राहुः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आह् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
सौम्यम्the gentle/saumya (aspect/state)
सौम्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसौम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
एवindeed / only
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
परेothers
परे:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
विदुःknow / consider
विदुः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

Suta Goswami (narrating the Vāyavīya philosophical teaching to the sages at Naimisharanya)

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Role: teaching

S
Shiva

FAQs

It teaches that Shiva is realized through multiple frameworks—waking, dream, deep sleep, and the transcendence beyond them—yet His highest nature is the calm, auspicious Reality (Saumya) that grants liberation when truly known.

The Linga supports Saguna worship as a focused means to steady the mind through the three ordinary states; through sustained devotion and contemplation, the devotee is led to the recognition of Shiva as Turīya—beyond all limiting conditions—while still honoring His auspicious presence.

A practical takeaway is meditation on Shiva as the witness of waking, dream, and deep sleep—supported by japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and inner recollection of His Saumya (peaceful) form to move toward Turīya-like steadiness.