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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 54

अग्निकार्य-होमविधिः

Agnikārya and Homa Procedure

कपिलायाः शकृच्छस्तं गृहीतं गगने पतत् । न क्लिन्नं नातिकठिनं न दुर्गन्धं न शोषितम्

kapilāyāḥ śakṛcchastaṃ gṛhītaṃ gagane patat | na klinnaṃ nātikaṭhinaṃ na durgandhaṃ na śoṣitam

หยิบมูลโคสีแดงอ่อน (กปิลา) หนึ่งกำมือ; แม้ร่วงลงดุจจากท้องฟ้า ก็ไม่เปียก ไม่แข็งเกินไป ไม่มีกลิ่นเหม็น และไม่แห้งกรัง—แสดงถึงความอัศจรรย์อันปราศจากมลทิน

kapilāyāḥof the tawny cow (kapilā)
kapilāyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootkapilā (कपिला प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
śakṛt-śastamcommended/praised as cow-dung (i.e., cow-dung ash)
śakṛt-śastam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśakṛt (शकृत्) + śasta (शस्त, √शंस् क्त/प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative, Singular; qualifying bhasma (implied)
gṛhītamtaken/collected
gṛhītam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootgrah (ग्रह् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; qualifying (bhasma)
gaganein the sky
gagane:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootgagana (गगन प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
patatfalling
patat:
Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpat (पत् धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; qualifying (bhasma)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, negation
klinnamwet/soaked
klinnam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootklinna (क्लिन्न प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; predicate qualifier
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, negation
ati-kaṭhinamtoo hard
ati-kaṭhinam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootati (अति अव्यय/उपसर्ग) + kaṭhina (कठिन प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya-like (अव्ययपूर्वपद) formation; Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, negation
dur-gandhamfoul-smelling
dur-gandham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdus (दुस् उपसर्ग) + gandha (गन्ध प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) / upasarga-pūrvapada; Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, negation
śoṣitamdried up/parched
śoṣitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśuṣ (शुष् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; predicate qualifier

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

K
Kapila (the tawny cow)

FAQs

It points to a Shaiva understanding that what is connected to Shiva’s divine order can become purified and transformed, transcending ordinary notions of impurity—hinting at the deeper purity of Pati (Shiva) that liberates the bound soul (paśu).

In Saguna Shiva worship, outward substances used in ritual gain sanctity through intention, mantra, and devotion; the verse underscores that divine presence can render even unlikely materials fit and non-offensive, emphasizing Shiva’s power to sanctify.

The takeaway is reverent ritual discipline: offer only what is made pure through proper mantra and devotion, and contemplate Shiva as the purifier of the impure—supporting practices like Panchakshara japa and inner purification alongside external rites.