Shloka 41

Arjuna’s Mantra-Empowerment and the Pāṇḍavas’ Separation (Śiva-rūpa through Mantra)

Devanagari script

इत्युक्तस्तेन देवेशो धैर्य्यार्थन्तस्य प्रीतितः । परीक्षागर्वितं वाक्यं पाण्डवन्तं ततोऽब्रवीत्

Transliteration

ityuktastena deveśo dhairyyārthantasya prītitaḥ | parīkṣāgarvitaṃ vākyaṃ pāṇḍavantaṃ tato'bravīt

Translation

เมื่อเขากล่าวดังนั้น พระผู้เป็นใหญ่แห่งเหล่าเทวะทรงพอพระทัย และทรงประสงค์จะทดสอบความมั่นคงแห่งความกล้าหาญ จึงตรัสถ้อยคำเชิงท้าทายเพื่อการทดสอบแก่โอรสแห่งปาณฑุ

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-समाप्ति-सूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; quotation/iti-marker (इति-प्रयोगः)

• उक्तः: having been addressed/said to
• उक्तः: Karta (कर्ता/विषयः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु) + क्त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त (भूतकर्मणि/कर्मणि क्त-प्रत्यय); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; passive past participle

• तेन: by him
• तेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन

• देवेशः: Lord of the gods
• देवेशः: Karta (कर्ता/विषयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (देवानाम् ईशः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• धैर्य-अर्थम्: for (testing) steadfastness
• धैर्य-अर्थम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धैर्य (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (धैर्यस्य अर्थः/हेतुः); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; adverbial sense ‘for the sake of’

• अन्तस्य: of the end/limit
• अन्तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• प्रीतितः: out of pleasure
• प्रीतितः: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रीति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/अपादान), एकवचन; ablative of cause

• परीक्षा-गर्वितम्: testing, proud (words)
• परीक्षा-गर्वितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परीक्षा (प्रातिपदिक) + गर्वित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-विशेषण)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (परीक्षया गर्वितम्/परीक्षार्थं गर्वितम्—sense: ‘proud/testing’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणं ‘वाक्यम्’

• वाक्यम्: speech/statement
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• पाण्डवन्तम्: to the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna)
• पाण्डवन्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• ततः: then
• ततः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; adverb (काल/क्रम)

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• अब्रवीत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Shiva

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Mahadeva

Characters & Entities

• Shiva
• Pāṇḍava
• Pāṇḍu

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse highlights a Shaiva theme: Śiva, pleased with devotion, may still test the seeker’s dhairya (steadfastness). Such trials are not rejection but refinement—removing ego and stabilizing surrender so grace can mature into liberation-oriented understanding.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

As Deveśa, Śiva engages the devotee in a personal (saguṇa) relationship—guiding, correcting, and testing. Linga-worship similarly trains the mind to remain steady in reverence and discipline, even when outer signs appear challenging, until inner certainty in Śiva’s grace becomes firm.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

The takeaway is dhairya-sādhana: steady japa of the Pañcākṣarī ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") and calm, regular Śiva-pūjā (with bhasma/tripuṇḍra and rudrākṣa if followed in one’s tradition), maintaining composure when tested.