Rig Veda 7.56.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 56, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.56

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for RV 7.56, Marut hymns in Book 7)

Devata: Maruts (Rudra’s youthful host)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (common for Marut hymns; verse-level verification needed)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

क ईं व्यक्ता नरः सनीळा रुद्रस्य मर्या अध स्वश्वाः ॥

Transliteration

ká īṁ vyàktā nárāḥ sánīḷā rudrásya máryā ádha sváśvāḥ ||

Translation

แท้จริงแล้วผู้ใดเล่า—คือฤทธานุภาพอันปรากฏนั้น? เหล่าวีรชนแห่งรุทระ (Rudra) คือมรุต (Marut) ผู้พำนักร่วมกันในรังเดียว บัดนี้ต่างมีม้าอันรวดเร็วของตน—ผู้ใดเล่าที่มาดุจพลังเดียวเป็นหนึ่ง?

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Word by Word

• कः: who? (which one?)
• कः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: क (किम्-प्रातिपदिक) / कः (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ईम्: indeed; just; emphatic particle
• ईम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ईम् (निपात)

• व्यक्ताः: manifest; clearly seen (ones)
• व्यक्ताः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: व्यक्त (वि+अञ्ज्/व्यञ्ज् ‘to make manifest’ → व्यक्त ‘manifest’)

• नरः: men; heroes
• नरः: Kartā (apposition to व्यक्ताः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)

• सनीळाः: having a common nest/abode; dwelling together
• सनीळाः: Kartā (qualifier of नरः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-नीळ (समास: स ‘with’ + नीळ ‘nest/abode’)

• रुद्रस्य: of Rudra
• रुद्रस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: रुद्र (देवनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मर्याः: young men; warriors
• मर्याः: Kartā (apposition: ‘the young men/warriors’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अध: then; now; moreover
• अध: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अध (निपात)

• स्वश्वाः: having good horses; well-horsed
• स्वश्वाः: Kartā (qualifier/apposition to मर्याः)
• Type: Adjective (bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa-like, used substantively)
• Root: स्व-अश्व (समास: स्व ‘good/own’ + अश्व ‘horse’)