Rig Veda 5.64.3 — Mandala 5, Sukta 64, Mantra 3

Sukta 5.64

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)

Devata: Mitra (with Varuṇa in the hymn background; this verse foregrounds Mitra’s path and non-violence)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यन्नूनमश्यां गतिं मित्रस्य यायां पथा । अस्य प्रियस्य शर्मण्यहिंसानस्य सश्चिरे ॥

Transliteration

yán nūnám aśyā́ṃ gátiṃ mitrásya yāyā́ṃ pathā́ | asyá priyásya śármaṇy áhiṃsānasya saścire ||

Translation

ขอให้บัดนี้เราบรรลุการดำเนินและหนทางของมิตระ (Mitra) และก้าวไปภายใต้ร่มคุ้มครองแห่งฤทธานุภาพอันเป็นที่รัก ผู้ไม่ทำร้ายผู้ใด; ขอให้เราติดตามสันติสุขของท่านเถิด.

Word by Word

• यत्: that; when; so that
• यत्: (connective; no direct kāraka)
• Type: Indeclinable/Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• नूनम्: now; indeed
• नूनम्: (modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नूनम् (avyaya)

• अश्याम्: may I attain / might I reach
• अश्याम्: Kartā (implicit ‘I/we’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अश् (धातु; ‘to reach, attain’)

• गतिम्: course; path; going; goal
• गतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गति (स्त्री; from √गम्)

• मित्रस्य: of Mitra
• मित्रस्य: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (genitival relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (पुं; prātipadika)

• यायाम्: may I go
• यायाम्: Kartā (implicit ‘I/we’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु; ‘to go’)

• पथा: by the path; along the way
• पथा: Karaṇa (means/way)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथ (पुं; prātipadika)

• अस्य: of this (one)
• अस्य: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• प्रियस्य: of the dear (beloved)
• प्रियस्य: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: प्रिय (adj. prātipadika)

• शर्मणि: in the shelter; in the protection
• शर्मणि: Adhikaraṇa (locus/state)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर्मन् (नपुं; prātipadika)

• अहिंसानस्य: of the non-injuring; harmless
• अहिंसानस्य: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अहिंसान (adj. prātipadika; a- + हिंसान ‘injuring’)

• सश्चिरे: they have accompanied / have followed / have joined
• सश्चिरे: Kartā (implicit plural subject: ‘they’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सस्/सच् (धातु; ‘to accompany, follow, attach oneself’)